Latin studying

Allegory

an extended metaphor; prolonged use of an image to express meaning

Alliteration

repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of a series of words

Anaphora

repetition of a word or words at the beginning of successive clause

Anastrophe

inversion of usual word order

Aposiopesis

breaking off in the middle of a sentence

Apostrophe

sudden turn to address a person or object who is present/absent

Asyndeton

omission of conjunctions

Chiasmus

an abba arrangement of words; used with pairs of nouns/adjectives

Ecphrasis

extended description of a work of art or scene of nature

Ellipsis

omission of words easily understood in context

Enjambment

continuation of a clause beyond the end of one line and into the beginning of the next

Golden line

interlocking word order with a verb in the middle; synchesis

Hendiadys

expressing a single idea with two nouns joined by a conjunction

Hyperbaton

distortion of normal word order

Hyperbole

exaggeration

Hysteron proteron

reversal of the natural order of events

Synchesis

interlocking word order; ABAB order often used with pairs of nouns and adjectives

Litotes

use of a negative or double negative to express something positive

Metaphor

expression of meaning through another image

Metonymy

the use of one noun or image to suggest another

Onomatopoeia

use of words that sound like their meaning

Personification

attribution of human characteristics to something not human

Pleonasm

the use of superfluous(unnecessary) words to enrich the thought

Polysyndeton

use of more conjunctions than needed

Simile

explicit comparison using words like or as(common with sicut, similis, velut, qualis, quam)

Synecdoche

use of the part to express the whole

Tmesis

separation of a compound word into two parts

Enallage

transferred epithet; transfer of an adjective from its proper object to a related object

a, ab, abs-

from, away from, by (abl)

abdo, ere, didi, ditum-

to hide, put away

Accipio, ere, cepi, ceptum-

to receive

Ad-

to, toward, near, for, in regard to (ac)

Adversus, a, um-

opposite, against

Aeneas, ae, m-

Aeneas

Aeolus, i, m-

Aeolus, king of the winds

Aequor, oris, n-

sea, the level (sea)

agmen, inis, n-

column, formation (of troops)

ago, ere, egi, actum-

to drive, lead, do

altus, a, um-

high, deep

altum, i, n-

deep sea

anima, ae, f-

breath, life, soul, spirit

animus, i, m-

mind, spirit, courage, anger

annus, i, m-

year

ante-

before, in front of (acc)

antrum, i, n-

cave

aperio, ire, ui, apertum-

to open, reveal

ara, ae, f-

altar

arma, orum, n-

arms, weapon, armor

arx, arcis, f-

citadel, fortified hilltop

at, ast-

but, yet, however, at least

ater, atra, atrium-

dark, black

atque, ac-

and

aura, ae, f-

breeze, air

aut-

or; aut…aut- either, or

bellum, i, n-

war

bis-

twice

caelum, i, n-

sky

capesso, ere, ivi, itum-

to take, carry out, execute

caput, itis, n-

head, life

causa, ae, f-

reason, cause, for the sake of (gen)

certus, a, um-

sure, reliable, definite

circum-

around (acc)

clamor, oris, m-

shout, noise

classis, is, f-

fleet

coniunx, iugis, m/f-

spouse, husband, wife

contra-

opposite, facing (acc.) in reply

conubium, ii, n-

marriage, wedlock

cor, cordis, n-

heart

corpus, oris, n-

body

corripio, ere, ui, reptum-

to snatch up

cum-

with when, since, although + abl

Danaus, a, um-

Danaan, Greek

dea, ae, f-

goddess

Deiopea, ae, f-

Deiopea

deus, i, m-

god

dexter, tra, trum-

right hand, favorable

dico, ere, dixi, dictum-

to say, speak, tell

discicio, ere, ieci, iectum -

to scatter, throw apart

diversus, a, um-

in different directions

divus, a, um-

divine; noun, god, goddess

do, dare, dedi, datum-

to give, grant, allow(+inf), dat

dolor, oris, m-

pain, grief

duco, ere, duxi, ductum-

to lead, draw, consider

dum-

while, as long as, until, provided that

e/ex-

out of, from (abl)

ego, mei (pl. nos, nostrum)-

I, we

erro, are, avi, atus-

to wander

et-

and; adv- also, even, too

etiam-

also, even

exigo, ere, egi-

to spend, live, drive out

exploro, are, avi, atus-

to explore, search

facio, ere, feci, factum-

to do, make

fatum, i, n-

fate

fas, n-

right, righteous; fas est, it is right

fero, ferre, tuli, latum-

to bear, endure, carry

flamma, ae, f-

flame

fluctus, us, m-

wave

foedus, eris, n-

treaty, agreement

forma, ae, f-

shape, beauty, shapeliness

fortis, e-

strong, brave