D2.3 - Viruses

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8 Terms

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Are viruses alive

no

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Virus

a non-living infectious agent that replicates in living cells

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Traits of a Virus

  • DNA or RNA genetic material

  • Capsid (protein coat)

  • no cytoplasm

  • few to no enzymes

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Capsid

protein coat surrounding a virus

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Lytic vs lysogenic cycle

lytic- explodes the cell
lysogenic- integrates itself into the genetic code

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stages of lytic cycle

  1. Attachment- phage latches onto cell

  2. Penetration- DNA goes into cell

  3. Biosynthesis- DNA is replicated, phage proteins made

  4. Maturation- particles are assembled

  5. lysis- cell explodes, releasing new phages

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stages of lysogenic cycle

  1. Attachment - attaches to cell

  2. Entry/Penetration - DNA goes into the cell

  3. Integration - DNA inserts itself into the DNA

  4. Cell division - cell undergoes meiosis or mitosis , spreading genetic information

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possible origins of viruses

convergent evolution

  • viruses evolves first (stupid)

  • could have been small parasitic cells but then lost diff functions not needed