English for Business Studies - Unit 10

acquire

(v) to gain or obtain something, often through purchase or acquisition

adjustment

(n) a modification or change made to something to improve accuracy, efficiency or suitability

angel investor

(n) an individual who provides financial backing or investment to startups or early-stage companies in exchange for equity ownership

annual report

(n) a document prepared once a year that shows what a company did, how much money it made or lost and its plans for the future

bank transfer

(n) a method of transferring funds from one bank account to another, often electronically or through banking systems

bill

(n) a formal written statement of charges or expenses owed, often referring to an invoice or a request for payment

borrow

(v) to obtain or use something temporarily with the intention of returning or repaying it

case study

(n) an in-depth analysis or examination of a particular situation, event or problem often used for educational or research purposes

client

(n) a person, organization or business entity that receives or uses the services or products offered by another party

collapse

(n) a sudden and significant failure or breakdown of a business, economy or market

corporate bond

(n) a debt security issued by a corporation to raise capital often with a fixed interest rate and maturity date

depreciation

(n) the gradual decrease in value of an asset over time often reflecting its wear and tear or obsolescence

entrepreneur

(n) an individual who starts and operates a business venture taking on financial risks in the pursuit of profit and innovation

fund

(n) a pool of money or financial resources allocated for a specific purpose often used for investment, research or financing activities; (v) to provide financial resources or support for a project, initiative or organization

hire purchase

(n) a financial arrangement in which an individual or business acquires an asset by making regular payments over time with ownership transferred upon completion of payment

insolvency

(n) a financial state in which an individual or organization is unable to meet its financial obligations and repay debts

lease

(n) a contractual agreement in which one party (the lessor) grants another party (the lessee) the right to use a property or asset for a specified period in exchange for periodic payments; (v) to let something, such as a piece of equipment for a specified period of time for a regular payment

lend

(v) to provide or loan something, typically money, to someone else for a temporary period

long term

(n) a period of time extending into the future often beyond one year

medium term

(adj) referring to a period of time that is neither short-term nor long-term often ranging from months to a few years

overdraft (overdraft facility)

(n) a financial arrangement that allows an individual or business to withdraw more money from a bank account than is available resulting in a negative balance

overheads

(n) the ongoing expenses or costs required to operate a business or organization not directly tied to the production or delivery of goods or services

personal loan

(n) a loan provided to an individual for personal use typically used for purposes such as home improvement, debt consolidation or unexpected expenses

raise (capital)

(v) to secure funds or money, usually for a business or project

return (return on investment)

(n) the gain or profit generated from an investment relative to the amount invested often expressed as a percentage

rocket

(v) to increase rapidly or dramatically often referring to the sudden and significant growth or success of something

share issues

(n) the process of offering and selling shares of stock to investors or the public often as a means of raising capital for a company

shares

(n) units of ownership in a company representing a proportionate interest in its assets, earnings and voting rights

slump

(n) a sudden and significant decline or decrease in value, activity or performance

soar

(v) to rise rapidly or dramatically, often referring to prices, profits or achievements

start-up

(n) a newly established business or venture, typically in its early stages of operation

stock exchange

(n) a regulated marketplace where shares of publicly traded companies are bought and sold

stock market

(n) a general term referring to the overall market for buying and selling shares of publicly traded companies

takeover

(n) the acquisition or gaining control of one company by another, often through the purchase of its shares

trade credit

(n) a form of credit extended by suppliers to businesses allowing them to purchase goods or services and make payment at a later date

working capital

(n) the funds or resources available to a company for its day-to-day operations and short-term financial obligations