Actual Note Review Chem

Gamma

________: has a lot of penetrating power, very dangerous, only stopped by very dense material, like lead.

Pauli Exclusion principle

________: orbital can only hold two eectrons which spin in opposite directions (occupy empty orbitals before pairing up)

Hunds rule

________: electrons fill orbitals of the same energy one at a time before doubling up.

Fusion

________: combines nucleus which release energy, release more energy than fission, in nucleus.

Isotope

________: variation of an atom that has a differenct mass, but the same chemical property bc of a diff amnt of neutrons.

Amplitud

________: the length from either trough or crest from the middle.

Aufbau rule

________: electrons occupy obital of the lowers orbital energy first.

electromagnetic waves travel

: at the speed of light.

Fission

________: splits nucles, creates a lot of energy, involves nucleus.

Beta decay

________: 0-/1 e- can be stopped by clothing, can cause radiation damage, like skin burns.

Alpha ray

________: alpha decay is 4 /2 He- can not penetrate most matter, can be stopped by paper.

Sigfig rule

________ for addition and subtraction: least amount of decimal places.

where in the atom is the proton and neutron

in the nucleus

where in the atom is the electron

around the nucleus, in the orbitals bc opposite charges attract

crest

the very top of a wavelength

trough

the very bottom of a wavelength

amplitud

the length from either trough or crest from the middle

wavelength

the distance between each wavelength

atom

smalletes unit of matter that retains chemical properties

Isotope

variation of an atom that has a differenct mass, but the same chemical property bc of a diff amnt of neutrons

Ion

atim with imbalanced charge

cation

positive, subtract from electron

anion

negative, add to electron

variable and unit for speed

c and m/s

variable and unit for frequency

v and Hz

variable and unit for energy

E and J

where the atomic mass goes in symbol notation

upper left

where atomic number does in symbol notation

bottom left

where charge goes in symbol notation

upper right

alpha decay

4/2 He

beta decay

0/-1 e

shape, of orbitals, of electrons for S

sphere, 1 , 2

shape, of orbitals, of electrons for P

dumbbell, 3, 6

shape, of orbitals, of electrons for d

clover, 5, 10

shape, of orbitals, of electrons for F

flower, 7, 14

energy level 1

s, 1 orbital, 2 electrons

energy level 2

s,p , 4 orbitals, 8 electrons

energy level 3

s,p,d, 9 orbitals, 18 electrons

energy level 4

s,p,d,f, 16 orbitals, 32 electrons

Aufbau rule

electrons occupy obital of the lowers orbital energy first

Pauli Exclusion principle

orbital can only hold two eectrons which spin in opposite directions (occupy empty orbitals before pairing up)

Hunds rule

electrons fill orbitals of the same energy one at a time before doubling up

gamma

has a lot of penetrating power, very dangerous, only stopped by very dense material, like lead

fusion

combines nucleus which release energy, release more energy than fission, in nucleus

fission

splits nucles, creates a lot of energy, involves nucleus

how many nm in 1 m

10^9

atomic mass =

protons and neutrons

atomic number =

protons

in a table, next to the name you put,

the atomic mass

average atomic mass unit

amu

average atomic mass formula

relative abundance x mass number + etc

what do you do to the percent before the equation in average atomic mass

divide by 100

sigfig rule for multiplication

least amount of sigfigs

sigfig rule for addition and subtraction

least amount of decimal places

to solve half life

find the amount of half lives that is occuring, then multiply that as an exponent to 1/2 and then solve

all electromagnetic waves travel

at the speed of light

ground state

lowest energy in electron

excited state

electron at higher energy level

ground state to excited

photon absorbed

excited state to ground

photon emmited