ch 7 - male reprod.

CF for male

andr/o

CF for glans penis

balan/o

CF for epididymis

epididym/o

CF for testes

orch/o, orchid/o, orchi/o

CF for prostate gland

prostat/o

CF for sperm

sperm/o spermat/o

CF for vessel, duct (vans deferens 4 male)

vas/o

CF for seminal vesicles

vesicul/o

suffix meaning pain

-algia

suffix meaning diseased state, condition of

-ia

suffix meaning pertaining to

-ic

suffix meaning surgical fixation

-pexy

suffix meaning disease

-pathy

suffix meaning condition of formation, development, growth

-plasia

andropathy

disease specific 2 male

anorchism

state of absence of testis

balanitis

inflammation of glans penis

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

excessive development [of cells] pertaining to prostate gland (nonmalignant)

prostatovesiculitis

inflammation of the prostate gland and the seminal vesicles

hydrocele

fluid-filled sac around the testicles; causes scrotal swelling

phimosis

tightness of prepuce that prevents its retraction over glans pen; treatment = circumcision

priapism

persistent abnormal erection of the penis (pain and tender)

spermatocele

distension of epididymis containing abnormal cyst-like collection of fluid and sperm cells (may cause scrotal swelling)

testicular torsion

twisting of the spermatic cord causing decreased blood flow to testis

varicocele

enlarged veins of the spermatic cord

bilateral orchidectomy =

castration

orchiopexy

surgical fixation of testes (for undescended testes)

vasovasostomy

creation of artificial opening between ducts (severed vas deferens end are reconnected in attempt to restore fertility in men w vasectomy)

ablation

destruction of abnormal or excessive tissue by melting, vaporizing, or eroding

enucleation

excision of a whole organ or mass without cutting into it

hydrocelectomy

surgical removal of fluid filled sac around testicle causing scrotal swelling (hydrocele)

2 common types of laser surgery to treat BPH

holmium laster enucleation of the prostate gland (HoLEP) and photoselective vaporization of the prostate gland (PVP)

minimally invasive treatments (MISTs) for benign prostatic hyperplasia

prostatic urethral lift (PUL) and water vapor thermal therapy (WVTT)

morcellation

cutting or grinding solid tissue into smaller pieces for removal

sterilization

surgical procedure that prevents pregnancy, either ability of female to conceive or of male to induce conception

transurethral incision of the prostate gland (TUIP)

widens urethra by making a few small incisions in the bladder neck and the prostate gland

transurethral resection of the prostate gland (TURP)

surgical removal of pieces of prostate gland tissue by using an instrument inserted through the urethra ; capsules left intact; performed when enlarged prostate gland interferes with urination

incisional surgeries for benign prostatic hyperplasia

transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), transurethral incision of the prostate gland (TUIP), simple prostectomy

laser surgeries for BPH

holmium/thulium laser enucleation of the prostate and photo-selective vaporization of the prostate

MISTs for BPH

prostatic urethral lift & water vapor thermal therapy

MRI ultrasound fusion biopsy

MRI + transrectal ultrasound 2 obtain tissue from a prostate lesion ; used 2 direct biopsy needle into are of suspicion in prostate

multiparametric MRI

PROVIDES ANATOMic structure and physiology for staging of prostate cancerr

transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)

used 2 diagnose prostate cancer; sound waves are sent and received by a transducer probe placed into rectum

prostate specific antigen (PSA)

blood test that measures the leel of prostate-specific antigen in the body (elvated test may = prostate cancer, urinary or prostatic infection, or excess prostate tissue)

chlamydia

std or sti caused by bacterium C. trachomatic

chlamydia symptoms =

painful urination and discharge from penis in men; itching, vaginal discharge, and bleedind btwn periods in women

genital herpes

STI caused by herpes simplex virus 2

gonorrhea

STI caused by bacterial organism that inflames the mucous membranes of the genitourinary tract

HIV

caused by retrovirus that infects T-helper cells of immune system ; advanced HIV becomes AIDS

HPV

caused by viral infection; 40+ types that cause benign or cancerous growths in male and female genitals

• caue of most cervical cancers

HPV is also known as

genital warts

syphilis

caused by bacterium TREPONEMA PALLIDUM

Trichomoniasis

STI; infects genitourinary tract

• men may be asympt. or develop urethritis, enlarged prostate gland, or epididymitis

  • women: vaginal itching, vaginal or urethral discharge, dysuria

azoospermia

lack of live sperm in semen

obstructive azoospermia is caused by

blocked vessels or ducts

nonobstructive azoospermia is caused by

infection, lack of sperm production, or retrograde ejaculation (to bladder rather than urethra)

BOO

bladder outlet obstruction

LUTS

Lower urinary tract symptoms

BPH

benign prostatic hyperplasia

DRE

digital rectal examination

PSA

prostate-specific antigen

TRUS

transrectal ultrasound

HoLEP

holmium laser enucleation of the prostate gland

MISTs

minimally invasive surgical treatments

PUL

prostatic urethral lift

PVP

photoselective vaporization of the prostate gland

RP

radical prostatectomy

RARP

robot assisted radical prostatectomy

RASP

robot-assisted simple prostatectomy

TUIP

transurethral incision of the prostate gland

turp

transurethral resection of the prostate gland

WVTT

water vapor thermal therapy