Cellular_Respiration

Cellular respiration uses __________ reactions to move electrons into the electron transport chain.

redox

The three parts of cellular respiration are Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs cycle), and __________.

the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation.

In the absence of oxygen, cells ferment glucose using __________ to recycle NADH.

pyruvate

During glycolysis, glucose (a 6 carbon molecule) is broken down into two __________ molecules of pyruvate.

3-carbon

The potential energy from the proton gradient creates __________ ATP molecules.

36 to 38

Reduction is defined as the __________ of one or more electrons by an atom, ion, or molecule.

gain

Oxidation is the __________ of one or more electrons.

loss

The coenzyme __________ is an electron carrier in redox reactions.

NAD

In cellular respiration, the carbon atoms of glucose are oxidized to form __________.

CO2

The reaction C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy represents the complete __________ of glucose.

oxidation

ATP synthase uses a special enzyme to make ATP from ADP & __________.

Pi

The __________ can only pass through the ATP synthase in the mitochondrial inner membrane.

H+

During glycolysis, 2 NADHs are formed which are utilized to create __________ ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation.

2

Each turn of the Citric Acid Cycle produces __________ NADH and __________ ATP.

3; 1

Fermentation occurs when there is no __________ to accept electrons from NADH.

oxygen

Lactic acid fermentation occurs in __________ when not enough oxygen is available.

humans

Alcohol fermentation occurs in __________, involving the conversion of pyruvate to ethanol.

yeast

Cells first use carbohydrates, then __________, and finally proteins as fuel for ATP production.

fats

A compound in the glycolytic pathway can be used to synthesize a key intermediate in the production of __________ for RNA & DNA synthesis.

nucleotides