DES 121 - Lecture 10 - Greece, Iron, and a New World Order

Greek Archaic Period (600-480 BCE)

There were numerous battles that took place between small cities states of Greece. Battle of marathon between Greece and Persia , Greece wins and the small cities start to bond together. Cultural and bureaucratic changes happen between the small city states of Greece. Greek economy is largely based on trade and ships.

Sacred grove

a grove of trees dedicated to a god or gods

Temenos

an enclosed sacred area reserved for worship in ancient Greece (a gate or fence).

Altar

a raised structure on which gifts or sacrifices to a god are made. The more people sacrificed the more powerful the sacrificial is made for the gods.

Naos (Greek, temple)

inner chamber in the temple - containing the cult statue of god or goddess. It is placed in the middle (usually a rectangular shape).

Polis and the Greek city-state

an urban city state in Greece. A self - governing state. Each polis was associated for a particular deity. A temple would be built for each deity, the deity was present in each temple and the sculpture made of him or her. Visible connection between the deity and the city.

Kouroi

free-standing statues of nude male youths. Kore is the term used for female statues, both men's and women's statues are equal.

Archaic smile

Does not represent happiness - scholars claim it makes the sculpture look more life like.

Temple of Athena, Parthenon, Athens (ca. 470 BCE)

- Temple of the virgin goddess
- Peripheral, Greek High Classic

Nike of Samothrace

a Hellenistic sculpture: the symbol of winged victory 190 BCE Marble.

She has wings to represent "victory", she was shown in the stamnos pot because she smelt the sacrifice which attracts the deity.