Unit 3 Terms B

Great Compromise

Created a bicameral legislature with equal Senate representation and proportional House representation.

Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists

Federalists supported a strong central government; Anti-Federalists favored states' rights.

Federalist Papers

Essays written by Madison, Hamilton, and Jay to promote ratification of the Constitution.

Three-Fifths Compromise

Agreement counting three-fifths of the slave population for taxation and representation purposes.

Bill of Rights

The first ten amendments to the Constitution, protecting individual liberties.

Judiciary Act of 1789

Established the federal court system, including the Supreme Court and lower courts.

Democratic-Republicans vs. Federalists

First American political parties; argued over federal power and foreign alliances.

Hamilton's Financial Plan

Proposed assuming state debts, a national bank, and tariffs to stabilize the economy.

Bank of the United States

Proposed by Hamilton to manage the economy and issue a stable currency.

Whiskey Rebellion

1794 farmer protest against Hamilton's whiskey excise tax, crushed by Washington.

Citizen Genet

French diplomat who sought American support for France, violating US neutrality.

Jay's Treaty (1794)

Treaty with Britain resolving disputes; failed to stop British impressment.

Pinckney's Treaty (1795)

Treaty with Spain granting US navigation rights on the Mississippi River.

Washington's Farewell Address

Warned against permanent foreign alliances and the danger of political parties.

XYZ Affair

1797 incident where French agents demanded bribes from Americans, sparking outrage.

Quasi-War

An undeclared naval war between the United States and France from 1798 to 1800.

Alien and Sedition Acts

Laws passed in 1798 restricting immigrants and punishing government critics.

Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions

Asserted that states could nullify unconstitutional federal laws.

Revolution of 1800

Peaceful transfer of power from Federalists to Democratic-Republicans with Jefferson.