repiration and photosynthesis

Photosynthesis step 1

Light energy excites electrons in chlorophyll. The electrons are released and travel along the transport chain

Photosynthesis Step 2

This releases energy which means active transport can move H+ protons from the storms into the thylakoid membrane

Photosynthesis step 3

The concentration gradient of H+ protons means the H+ can move through ATP synthase by facilitated diffusion, phosphorylation ADP into ATP

Photosynthesis Step 4

At the end of the electron chain the electrons bond with a proton to form a H atom which is used in the reduction of NADP

Photosynthesis step 5

CO2 reacts with RuBP to form 2 3C compounds, glycerate phosphate

Photosynthesis step 6

Glycerate phosphate is reduced to triosphosphate using energy from ATP and the H from the oxidation of NADPH.

Photosynthesis step 7

2xTP looses one carbon to form glucose

Photosynthesis step 8

ATP energy then regenerates RuBP from the 5c of TP.

Respiration Step 1

Glucose is phosphorylated using ATP. This splits into triosephosphate.

Respiration Step 2

Triosephosphate is oxidised into pyruvate, which produces ATP and NAD is reduced into NADH

Respiration Step 3

Pyruvate is oxidised into acetate releasing CO2 reducing NAD into NADH

Respiration Step 4

Acetate binds with Coenzyme A to form acetylCoA

Respiration step 5

Acetylene CoA binds with a 4C molecule to form a 6C molecule and releases CoA.

Repsiration step 6

The 6C is converted back to 4C by releasing 2 CO2 molecules, reducing FAD into FADH, NAD into NADH and producing ATP

Respiration Step 7

FADH and NADH release H+ ions which split into protons and electrons.

Respiration Step 8

The electrons pass through the electron transport chain in the membrane releasing energy, allowing H+ protons to move from the matrix into the inter-membrenal space using active transport.

Respiration step 9

This means the concentration of H+ is higher in the IMS that the matrix causing the H+ protons to move via facilitated diffusion through ATP synthase

Respiration Step 10

ATP synthase phosporylates ADP into ATP

Respiration step 11

H+ binds with O2 which is the terminal electron acceptor to form H2O