Chemistry- Alkenes and Alchohols
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17 Terms
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Describe electrophilic addition
The double bond opens up and atoms are added.
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Electrophiles
Electron pair acceptor
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Bromine water test
When you shake an alkene with bromine water it goes from orange to colourless
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What happens when a hydrogen halides added to unsymmetrical alkene?
Theres more possible products . The one with the most stable intermediate phase is the major product
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What are polymers
Long chained monomers
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What are addition polymers formed from?
Alkenes
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How can you modify the properties of polymers
Add a plasticiser to make it more flexible.The plasticiser gets between the polymer chain pushing them apart reducing IMF so it can bend
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Use of plasticised PVC
Clothing
Flooring tiles
Flooring tiles
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Benefits of dehydrating alchohols
Producing alkenes from renewable resources
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Purification of dehydration products
Step 1 Distillation
Add conc H2So4 to flask containing cyclohexanol. Add carborundum boiling chips so it boils more calmly . Heat to 83 using water bath. Product is collected in flask
Step 2 seperation
Transfer to seperating funnel and add water to dissolve impurities and create an aq solution. Allow to settle in layers. Drain lower layer(cyclohexanol)
Step 3 Purify
Drain the cyclohexene. Add CaCl2(drying agent and add a stopper. Ley dry for 20 mins while swirling. Distil one more time
Add conc H2So4 to flask containing cyclohexanol. Add carborundum boiling chips so it boils more calmly . Heat to 83 using water bath. Product is collected in flask
Step 2 seperation
Transfer to seperating funnel and add water to dissolve impurities and create an aq solution. Allow to settle in layers. Drain lower layer(cyclohexanol)
Step 3 Purify
Drain the cyclohexene. Add CaCl2(drying agent and add a stopper. Ley dry for 20 mins while swirling. Distil one more time
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Conditions for hydration of ethene
300 degrees
60atm
Solid phosphoric acid catalyst
60atm
Solid phosphoric acid catalyst
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Production of ethanol by fermentation of glucose
\-Needs yeast in anaerobic conditions
\- Produces carbon dioxide as a product
\-Seperate by fractional distillation
\- Produces carbon dioxide as a product
\-Seperate by fractional distillation
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Biofuel
Fuel made from biological matter thats recently died
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Advs and disads of biofuels
Biofuels are renewable
Produce co2 thats absorbed by plants
Engines have to be changed to use fuels with high ethanol conc
Produce co2 thats absorbed by plants
Engines have to be changed to use fuels with high ethanol conc
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What colour does fehlings reagant go in aldahydes and ketones
Aldahydes Blue to red
Ketones nothung
Ketones nothung
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Test for class alchohol(O)
Primary and secondary-orange to green
Tertiary- nothing
Tertiary- nothing
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Test for carboxylic acid
Add calcium carbonate
If effervescence carboxylic acids prodyced
If effervescence carboxylic acids prodyced
Note 
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