Psychology Perspectives and Domains Vocabulary p2

Vocabulary flashcards covering key contributors, theoretical perspectives, early schools of thought, and specialized domains in psychology based on the lecture notes.

Ivan Pavlov

Key contributor associated with the Behavioral Perspective and Classical Conditioning.

John B. Watson

Key contributor associated with Behaviorism/Behavioral Perspective and Aversive Conditioning.

B.F. Skinner

Key contributor associated with Behaviorism/Behavioral Perspective, Operant Conditioning, and Schedules of Reinforcement.

Jean Piaget

Key contributor associated with the Cognitive Perspective and 4 stages of child cognitive development.

Carl Rogers

Key contributor associated with the Humanistic Perspective and Client Centered Therapy.

Evolutionary Perspective

Perspective stating that mental processes exist because they serve an evolutionary purpose, aiding in survival and reproduction.

Psychodynamic Perspective

Perspective emphasizing that behavior is determined by past experiences left in the unconscious mind and childhood experiences.

Cognitive Perspective

Perspective focusing on internal processes of the mind influencing behavior.

Biological Perspective

Perspective focusing on the influence of genetics and brain chemistry (physical and biological processes).

Sociocultural Perspective

Perspective focusing on society and culture in terms of our behavior and shaping cognition.

Behavioral Perspective

Perspective focusing on observable behaviors, where people/animals are controlled by their environment and positive/negative consequences.

Humanistic Perspective

Perspective emphasizing human capacity for choice and growth, and the motivation for people to fulfill their potential.

Biopsychosocial Perspective

Overarching perspective that integrates biological, psychological, and social forces.

Eclectic Approach

Approach utilizing techniques and ideas from a variety of perspectives.

Wilhelm Wundt

Psychologist widely recognized for beginning the science of psychology in 1879 with the founding of the first psychology lab.

Structuralism

Early psychological perspective that emphasized units of consciousness and identification of elements of thought through introspection.

Functionalism

Early psychological perspective focused on the purpose of the mind and how we use our mind to adapt to our environment.

Clinical Psychologists

Psychologists who evaluate and treat mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders.

Counseling Psychologists

Psychologists who help people adapt to change or make changes in their life-style.

Developmental Psychologists

Psychologists who study psychological development throughout the lifespan.

Educational Psychologists

Psychologists who focus on how effective teaching and learning take place.

Experimental Psychologists

Psychologists who do research and add new knowledge to the field.

Industrial-Organizational Psychologists

Psychologists who aim to improve productivity and the quality of work life by applying psychological principles and methods to the workplace.

Personality Psychologists

Psychologists who focus on traits, attitudes, and goals of the individual.

Psychometricians

Psychology specialists who focus on methods for acquiring and analyzing psychological data.

Social Psychologists

Psychologists who focus on how a person's mental life and behavior are shaped by interactions with other people.

Positive Psychologists

Psychologists who focus on what makes life most worth living, focusing on both individual and societal well-being.