Anatomy & Physiology language

First unit about anatomy and physiology language/terminology.

Occipital

back of the head

Thoracic

middle of the spine

Lumbar

lower spine

Gluteal

“Butt”

Popliteal

back of knee

Sural

calf region

Tarsal

ankle bones

Calcaneal

heel bone

Cephalic

head region

Cervical

upper spine/neck

Axillary

arm pit

Brachial

upper arm

Antebrachial

forearm

Carpal

Wrist

Digital

fingers/toes

Abdominal

abdomen

Inguinal

groin

Pubic

reproductive region

Pelvic

hips

Femoral

thighs

Patellar

knee cap

Crural

shins

Pes

foot

Posterior

towards the back

Anterior

towards the front

Medial

closer to the midline

Lateral

further from the midline

Superior

toward the top/above

Inferior

towards the bottom/below

Proximal

closer to torso

Distal

further from torso

Ipsilateral

same side of body

Contralateral

opposite side of body

Frontal/coronal plane

vertical line dividing body into anterior and posterior sections (abduction & adduction)

Sagittal

vertical line dividing body into left and right sections (flexion & extension)

Transverse

horizontal line dividing body into superior and inferior sections (rotational movement)

Flexion

limbs moving closer together

Extension

limbs becoming straighter

Abduction

limbs moving away from midline

Adduction

limbs moving toward the midline

Internal rotation

limb rotation towards the midline

External rotation

limb rotation away from midline

Fossa

flat surface

Process

pointed projection

Condyle

connection point

Tubercle

little bump

Trochanter

big bump (on femurs)

Tuberosity

roughened surface

Spine

“Thorn-like” projection

Ramus

bridge

Angle

change in direction

Foramen

hole