Life Science - Test 2

venation

vein pattern of a leaf

margin

edge of a leaf

sessile

refers to a leaf that has no petioles but instead attaches directly to the stem by a sheath

petiole

stalk that attaches a leaf blade to a node

bulb

underground food-storage structure made of layers of thick fleshy leaves surrounding a very short stem

photosynthesis

process whereby a plant uses sunlight carbon dioxide and water to manufacture glucose and give off oxygen

chlorophyll

green pigment found in chloroplasts that plant need for photosynthesis

stoma

airpore on the underside of a leaf

glucose

simple sugar that provides the energy for the cells of living things

rhizome

underground stem that grows horizontally

corm

thick underground stem that grows vertically

node

place where a leaf attaches to the stem

sheath

part of a grass leaf that attaches the culm to the blade

blade

broad flat portion of a leaf

stolon

creeping stem that grows along the ground

raceme

flower structure that is similar to a spike except that the flowers grow on small stems that branch off the main stem

vine

any plant with a long thin stem that grows along the ground or has tendrils that twine around a wall or other support

herbaceous

nonwoody

cellulose

polysaccharide that forms the cell walls of plant cells

what does photosynthesis need that cellular grespiration does not need

light

what does a plant do with excess glucose

convert it to starch

2/3 of our diet comes directly from plants.The other 1/3 comes from what

Animals

what are the main kinds of root systems

tap root and fibrous root

Form of plant reproduction in which a new plant grows from a leaf,stem ,or root of an existing plant

vegetable reproduction

Inner portion of a root that consists of storage cells

cortex

plants that have vascular systems

tracheophytes

Reproduce by seed formed within cones or cone -like structures

gymnosperms

reproduce by seeds formed in flowers

angiosperms

Tiny one -celled reproductive structure that will eventually produce a new plant

spore

plant without a vascular system(moss-like plant)

broyophte

Hair-like threads that attach mosses to moist surfaces or soil and absorb water and nutrients

rhizoids

How do botanists classify angiosperms into families?

the structure of their flowers & fruits

Which family of angiosperms contains plants with ray & disk flowers?

composite flower

Which family of plants help return nitrogen to the soil?

The pea family

How do stems of the mint family differ from the stems of other plants?

They are square

What is the term for an arrangement of flowers that have stems of nearly equal length emerging from a common point on the main stem?

The umbel

Honeysuckle get their name from their what?

Their sweet nectar

What are ways that monocots and dicots differ from each other?

number of cotyledons, number of petals, type of root system and venation

Angiosperms are divided into two groups what are they?

monocot and dicot

What purpose does a lily’s bulb have?

allow a plant to live after its flowers have died, store food during growing season and allow a plant to live after its above-ground leaves stems have died

How would CORMS be best described?

thick, vertical underground stems

How would RHIZOMES be best described?

horizontal, stems that grow underground

Why is grass important?

humans and most animals depend on it directly or indirectly-for their food

The juice from the aloe vera plant is used to treat what?

burns and skin disorders

Broad and flat, long and narrow, and needle/scale-like are the basic types of?

leaves

Opposite, alternative and whorled are the most common leaf arrangements around a?

plant stem

There is bud at the end of a petiole, but no bud at the end of a?

leaflet

Location of plant leaves allows it to have maximum exposure to?

sunlight

leaf vein patterns

parallel, pinnate & palmate venation

The stalk that attaches leaf blades to the node?

The petiole

What are the most important provisions for life on Earth?

green plants

What was Sprengel’s goal with studying botanical who was it to bring glory to?

God

Primary function for flowers

The reproduction of plants

which is not a main parts of a flower thorn,stamen,sepal,pistil,petal,or soil

thorn

which is not one of the 3 main part of a pistil. stigma,style, ovary,or petal.

style and petal

How is the stigma best described

sticky,

How is the ovary best described

large and round

How is the style best described

the stalk that attaches to the stigma to the ovary

what part of a flower produces pollen petal,anther, root,and thorn

anther

Their is an incredible variety of design in flowering plants.This shows the remarkable ingenuity of our what intelligence ,creator, planet,or soil

creator

processes that must occur before a seed can form

pollination and fertilization

Transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma

pollination

Uniting of a sperm cell from a pollen grain with an egg cell in the ovary

fertilization

what structure contains the embryo of a plant?

The seed

Embryo, endosperm or seed coat

parts of a typical seed

Term for root of an embryo

Radicle

Scientific definition of a fruit

ripened ovary of a flower

Term for the distributing of seeds after they are mature.

dispersal

Ripened fruit bursts open, scattering seeds.

Mechanical dispersal

Animals,humans,or physical processes like wind ocean currents scatter seeds

agent dispersal

What type of flower after being pollenated, has its blossoms quickly lose their scent?

alfalfa

what is required for a seed to begin growing human touch, favorable temperature, bxygen, moisture, or distilled water

moisture

What major event occurs in the first stage of growth?

The seed begins to swell by absorbing or socking up water

what major event occur in the second stage of growth

embryo grows a radical that pushes its way through the the softened seed coat and into the ground.

What major event occurs in the third stage of growth

plumule emerges above the surface of the ground and the radicle grows into a root system

plant that no longer depends on the cotyledons for nourishment

seedling

an annual produces seeds in one growing season true or false

true

biennials plants live how long

2 years

perennials plants live how long

year to year

would a coconut be likely to grow on the shores of alaska

no