pedigrees

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sex(x) linked recessive

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1. both parents have it, all offspring have it.
2. if a mother has it, all the sons will have it.
3. if a daughter has it, the father will also have it.
note- male bias (not a rule)

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sex(y) linked

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1. if a father has it, all the sons will have it
2. if a father doesn't have, no sons will have it
3. no females have it.

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7 Terms

1
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sex(x) linked recessive

1. both parents have it, all offspring have it.
2. if a mother has it, all the sons will have it.
3. if a daughter has it, the father will also have it.
note- male bias (not a rule)

2
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sex(y) linked

1. if a father has it, all the sons will have it
2. if a father doesn't have, no sons will have it
3. no females have it.

3
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mitochondrial inheritance

1. if mom has it, all offspring have it
2. if mom doesn't have, non of the offspring will have it.

4
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pedigree key

Square= male circle=female
Filled in=recessive or trait looking for
not filled in=dominant or trait looking for
crossed out- dead
pointing to it- proband/ the person of interest

5
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autosomal dominant

rules-
1. if offspring has, at least on parent has
2. cannot skip generations
3. just ignore epistasis

6
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autosomal recessive

1. if both parents have it, all of the offspring have it

7
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sex(x) linked dominant

1. if an offspring has it, at least one parent has it
2. cannot skip generations
3. if a father has it, all daughters will have it
4. if a son has it, his mother will also have it.
note- there is a female bias (this is NOT a rule just a pattern)
cannot determine if autosomal dominant or x-linked dominant so use the note. will be asked which is more likely