Triple Revolutions Flashcards

Flashcards on the Triple Revolutions: Agricultural, Demographic, and Industrial Revolutions.

Georgian Period

Period in England, spanning from 1714 to 1837.

Victorian Period

Period in England named after Queen Victoria, spanning from 1837 to 1901.

Romanticism

Intellectual and artistic movement in the late 1700s and early 1800s, emphasizing emotion and individualism.

Industrial Revolution

A period of major industrialization that began in England in the late 1700s and early 1800s.

The Enclosure Acts

Series of laws enacted in England from 1604-1914 that removed common lands and gave more power to large landowners, increasing farming efficiency.

4 Field System

A farming system developed by Charles 'Turnip' Townshend that involved rotating crops to replenish soil nutrients, eliminating the need for fallow fields.

Urbanization

Rapid growth of cities, involving expansion outwards.

Capitalism

An economic system characterized by private ownership of the means of production and the pursuit of profit.

Socialism

A political and economic theory advocating for a society in which the means of production are owned and controlled by the community as a whole.

Mercantilism

An economic policy based on national policies of accumulating precious metals, establishing colonies, and restricting trade through protectionist tariffs and barriers.

Laissez-faire

An economic environment in which transactions between private parties are free from government intervention such as regulation, privileges, tariffs, and subsidies.

Aristocracy

A class whose authority and power were rooted in land ownership and ancestry with martial past; a class of leisure.

Luddites

Term used to describe workers who destroyed machines, especially in early 19th century England, as a form of protest against industrialization.

Liberalism

A political philosophy that upholds liberty as a core principle. It generally emphasizes individual rights and equality of opportunity.

Communism

A political theory supporting collective or governmental ownership and administration of the means of production.

Utilitarianism

The theory that the pursuit of pleasure and the avoidance of pain are the only ultimate goals of human conduct.The doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority.

Classical Conservatism

A political philosophy emphasizing tradition and social order, often in opposition to rapid change or radical reforms.

Proletariat

Karl Marx's term for the working class in a capitalist society, who do not own the means of production.

Bourgeoisie

Karl Marx's term for the capitalist class, who own the means of production.

Early 19th Century Socialism

An early 19th-century movement that shared ideals of equality and reason. It rejected the greed of classical liberalism and valued the individual in terms of personal development.