MODULE 1: OVERVIEW AND NATURE OF PSYCHOLOGY

psychology

the scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Behavior

action or response made by an oragnism

Overt Behavior

observable behavior

Covert Behavior

not observable behavior

Rene Descartes

believed in nativist view

Nativist View

some ideas are innate at birth

John Locke

supported empiricist view

Empiricist View

knowledge is acquired through experience and interactions with the world

Wilhem Wundt

father of modern psychology and experimental psychology

Stanley Hall

first American to earn a PH.D in psychology and first president of the American Psychological Association

Raymond Bernard Cattell

oriented U.S. Psychology toward the use of objective experimental methods, mental testing, and application of psychology to education, business, industry, and advertising.

Francis Galton

studied individual differences that led to intelligence test.

Virgilio Enriquez

Father of Sikolohiyang Pilipino

Agustin Alonzo

first Filipino Psychologist

Edward Titchener

proposed structuralism

William James

proposed functionalism

John B. Watsons

proposed behaviorism

Max Wertheimer

proposed Gestalt Psychology

Sigmund Freud

proposed psychoanalytic psychology

structuralism

Proposes that the structure of conscious experience could be understood by analyzing basic element of thought and sensation

functionalism

explains the purpose of a certain behavior as well as the relationship between internal state and external behavior.

Ivan Pavlov

proposed classical conditioning

Burrhus Frederic Skinner

proposed operant conditioning

gestalt psychology

it suggest that structures are perceived as a whole.

Psychoanalytic psychology

focuses on the area of mind that lies outside of personal awareness that is called unconsciousness

humanistic psychology

Suggest that people have free will and motivated to achieve their potential as wells as self-actualization

self-image

perception of your own body

self-evaluation

positive and negative feelings about yourself

frame of reference

mental or emotional perspective used for evaluating events.

self-actualization

ability to become the best version of oneself.

biological perspective

major perspective of psychology that is concerned with the neurobiological processes taking place inside the body particularly brain and nervous system.

behavioral perspective

an approach concerned with observable behavior of people

cognitive perspective

an approach concern with mental processes and relation of this processes to behavior

psychodynamic perspective

an approach that focuses on the relation between conscious and unconscious and how these might relate to childhood.

Humanistic-Existential Perspective

an approach to that stresses the human capacity for self-fulfillment and views people as free to choose

sociocultural perspective

an approach that examines how sociocultural factor influence human mental state and behavior.

humanism

stress the human capacity for self-fulfillment

existentialism

views people as free to choose