Bacteriology

Prokaryotic

Small, relatively simple, single organisms

Plasmids

Smaller rings of DNA only consisting of a few genes

Binary Fission

Reproduction in which the cell duplicates its components and divides into two cells

Three Energy Sources For Prokaryotes

Light, inorganic materials, and nutrients from environment

Peptidoglycan

A complex protein carb polymer that is the main component in the bacterial cell wall

Bacilli

Rods

Cocci

Sphere

Spirilla

Spirals

Community

Assemblage of species of bacteria that adheres to a surface

Biofilm

Communities found in moist environment where nutrients are plentiful

Gram Stain

Separates bacteria into groups depending on their reaction to this stain

Gram Positive Bacteria

Simple cell wall with thick peptidoglycan later, no lipopolysaccharide layer, and retains crystal violet/iodine to appear purple

Gram Negative Bacteria

Complex cell wall with thin peptidoglycan layer, a lipopolysaccharide layer, and retains safranin to appear pink

Antibiotic

Chemical produced by a bacterium or fungus that has the potential to control the growth of another bacterium or fungus

Antiseptic

Agent used to control bacteria on living tissues

Disinfectant

Agent used to control bacteria on inanimate objects