Amino acids

what are proteins

polymers made up of about 20 naturally occurring subunits called amino acids.

what are amino acids made of

has a central carbon atom with four different functional groups attached

amino group -NH2 basic properties Dana can gain a H+ in acidic conditions to form an

-NH3+ group

-COOH group, acidic properties and can loose a H+ in alkaline conditions to form a -COO- group

an atom or hydrogen

a variable group R

What does the R group do

changes the properties of the amino acids

What does a condensation reaction do to an amino acid

it can polymerise it to give dipeptides and polypeptides

What’s the linkage between two amino acids called?

peptide bond

Visual representation of peptide bonds

what does the sequence of an amino acid determine

affects the organisation of the molecule as it is processed to form a functional protein.

types of bonds in a tertiary structure

ionic bonds

hydrophobic interactions

disulphide bridge