Chapter 14 Part 3 - Mass Spectrometry (MS)

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15 Terms

1
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M+ Peak

Shows molecular weight of the compound.

2
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Nitrogen Rule

Odd # of N = Odd # molecular weight.

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Contains I

Peak at 127 m/z.

4
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Contains 1 Br

M : M+2

1:1

<p><strong>M : M+2</strong></p><p>1:1</p>
5
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Contains 2 Br

M : M+2 : M+4

1 : 2 : 1

<p><strong>M : M+2 : M+4</strong></p><p>1 : 2 : 1</p>
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Contains 3 Br

M : M+2 : M+4 : M+6

1 : 3 : 3 :1

<p><strong>M : M+2 : M+4 : M+6</strong></p><p>1 : 3 : 3 :1</p>
7
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Contains 1 Cl

M : M+2

3 : 1

<p><strong>M : M+2</strong></p><p>3 : 1</p>
8
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Contains 2 Cl

M : M+2 : M+4

9 : 6 : 1

<p><strong>M : M+2 : M+4</strong></p><p>9 : 6 : 1</p>
9
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Contains 3 Cl

M : M+2 : M+4 : M+6

27 : 27 : 9 : 1

<p><strong>M : M+2 : M+4 : M+6</strong></p><p>27 : 27 : 9 : 1</p>
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Contains 1 Br and 1 Cl

M : M+2 : M+4

3 : 4 : 1

<p><strong>M : M+2 : M+4</strong></p><p>3 : 4 : 1</p>
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Contains 2 Br and 1 Cl

M : M+2 : M+4 : M+6

3 : 7 : 5 : 1

<p><strong>M : M+2 : M+4 : M+6</strong></p><p>3 : 7 : 5 : 1</p>
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Contains 1 Br and 2 Cl

M : M+2 : M+4 : M+6

9 : 15 : 7 : 1

<p><strong>M : M+2 : M+4 : M+6</strong></p><p>9 : 15 : 7 : 1</p>
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Rule of 13

[M+] / 13 = n + (r/13)

Based Formula = CnHn+r

<p>[M<sup>+</sup>] / 13 = n + (r/13)</p><p>Based Formula = C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>n+r</sub></p>
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Common Elements (MW and Subtract Equivalent)

C

O

N

Cl

Br

Common Elements (MW and Subtract Equivalent)

C - 12 - H12

O - 16 - CH4

N - 14 - CH2

Cl - 35 - C2H11

Br - 79 - C6H7

<p><strong>Common Elements (MW and Subtract Equivalent)</strong></p><p>C - 12 - H<sub>12</sub></p><p>O - 16 - CH<sub>4</sub></p><p>N - 14 - CH<sub>2</sub></p><p>Cl - 35 - C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>11</sub></p><p>Br - 79 - C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>7</sub></p>
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Why do M+1 / M+2 etc… peaks form?

Due to C / Cl / Br / etc… isotopes.

<p>Due to C / Cl / Br / etc… isotopes.</p>