World History Module 9 Study Guide

Where did the Reformation begin?

Wittenburg, Germany

What year did the Reformation begin?

1517

What did Martin Luther believe leads to salvation?

faith

What was the Catholic Church like before the Reformation?

corrupt, greedy, powerful

What Catholic practices were the 95 Theses against?

Catholic sacraments

7 Catholic Sacraments

1. Baptism

2. Penance (Confession)

3. Communion

4. Confirmation

5. Holy Matrimony

6. Holy Orders (Priesthood)

7. Last Rites

What event began the Reformation?

Martin Luther posting the 95 Theses on the church door

List 3 causes of the Reformation

1. the printing press spread information easier

2. corrupt clergy

3. posting of 95 Theses

Catholic Reformation

movement to keep Catholics loyal (stop Protestantism)

How many wives did Henry VIII have?

6

What happened to Henry VIII wives?

two were divorced, two were beheaded, two died of natural causes

Edward VI

Henry VIII’s son, sickly, ruled for 6 years

Mary I

Henry VIII’s daughter, brought Catholicism back to England

Elizabeth I

Henry VIII’s daughter, reinstated Protestantism through Anglican Church

Diet of Worms

Luther’s trial by Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, ruled an outlaw

What did the pope do to Martin Luther?

excommunicates him

John Knox

founder of Presbyterians

Anabaptists

believed only those old enough to accept Christ should be baptized

Who created the doctrine of predestination?

John Calvin

Council of Trent

Catholic council to agree on doctrine in the wake of the Reformation

What was the purpose of the Council of Trent?

defending the Catholic faith from questions and challenges from Protestants

Roman Inquisition

office in Catholic Church to punish and fight against heresy and Protestants

What was the focus of the Jesuits?

founding schools, converting non-Christians to Catholicism, stopping spread of Protestantism

Indulgence

a paper bought for forgiveness of sins and salvation

Recant

take back

Huguenots

French protestants (usually Calvinist)

Heretic

someone who goes against the teachings of the Church

St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre

the massacre of 12,000 Huguenots by a Catholic mob during a Catholic feast day