Unit 9: Globalization

Vocabulary flashcards for Unit 9 lecture notes on Globalization.

Communication and Transportation Technologies

Technologies like radio, cell phones, the Internet, and air travel facilitate migration and maintain contact.

Shipping Containers

Increase the freight of goods shipped internationally, leading to increased global commerce.

New Energy Technologies

Technologies such as petroleum and nuclear power increased worker productivity and manufacturing output.

Birth Control

Medical innovation that gave women control over reproduction, leading to declining birth rates in wealthier nations.

Vaccines

Medical technology that eradicated diseases like polio and measles, especially in wealthy nations.

Green Revolution

Created new strands of wheat and grain, leading to more abundant harvests, particularly in developing countries.

Diseases Associated with Poverty

Diseases like malaria, tuberculosis, and cholera that persist in impoverished countries due to lack of access to cures.

New Diseases Leading to Pandemics

Diseases like Ebola, AIDS, Spanish flu, and COVID-19 that spread rapidly due to globalization, causing social and economic disruption.

Diseases Associated with Old Age

Diseases like heart disease and Alzheimer's that are associated with old age and are more prevalent in developed countries due to longer lifespans.

Deforestation

Clearing forests to make room for more farmland.

Desertification

Fertile land becomes desert-like due to deforestation and harmful chemicals, reducing its agricultural productivity.

Great Smog in London

The combination of fog with industrial coal emissions in London, leading to toxic air and fatalities.

Increasing Consumption of Fresh Water

Increasingly needed for farming, leading to water supply problems, especially in impoverished nations.

Climate Change

Increase in global temperature due to carbon emissions from industrialization.

Attempts to Address Climate Change

Agreements like the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement aimed at limiting carbon emissions.

Proliferation of Free Market Economics

Emphasized by Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher through deregulation and tax cuts.

Rise of Knowledge Economies

Workers in countries like Finland, Japan, and the US focus on services and innovation rather than manufacturing.

Rise of Multinational Corporations

Companies incorporated in one country but doing business in many, manufacturing goods cheaply in countries with lax labor laws.

Rise of Regional and Global Free Trade Agreements

Agreements to reduce trade barriers like tariffs, such as NAFTA and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).

Apartheid in South Africa

Nelson Mandela led efforts to abolish it, facing global rebukes and eventual release to become president.

Racist Jim Crow Regulations in the US

Were outlawed with the Civil Rights Act of 1964, alongside Supreme Court cases integrating schools and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

Caste Reservation System in India

Mandated to reserve jobs in various industries for the lowest caste members.

United Nations First World Conference on Women in 1975

Drafted a declaration of rights for women, including the right to vote.

Christian Liberation Theology in Latin America

Taught that Christ was on the side of the poor and against the rich, shaping Christianity to fit their context.

Negritude Movement in French West Africa

An artistic movement celebrating blackness, emphasizing its cultural contributions.

Reggae Music

Popularized by Bob Marley, originating in Jamaica and now enjoyed worldwide.

K-Pop

Originated in South Korea and now has a global audience.

Hollywood

Biggest exporter of films, influencing American values globally.

Bollywood

Reflect Indian sensibilities and are popular worldwide.

Rise of Online Commerce

Online platforms like Amazon and Alibaba facilitate the purchase of goods from anywhere in the world.

Global Brands

Brands like McDonald's and Coca-Cola are recognized globally.

Resistance Movements Against Globalization

Protests against organizations like the World Trade Organization (WTO) and International Monetary Fund (IMF).

The United Nations

Maintains world peace, fosters international cooperation, and includes bodies like the Security Council and the International Court of Justice.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Recognizes inherent rights for all members of the global community.