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Arteries
Carry blood away from the heart, with high pressure, mostly oxygenated blood, no valves and thick walls and tissue layers
Veins
Carry blood towards the heart with low blood pressure, mostly deoxygenated blood, with valves and thin walls
Red blood cells
Contain a cell membrane and lack a nucleus, are produced in the bone marrow and contains hemoglobin
SA node
also called the pacemaker, it sets the heart rate by the autonomic nervous system and is located on the wall of the right atrium
Heart
Located on the left side of the body in between the lungs, has four chambers, pumps blood
Path of Circulation
Transports O2, through heart, lungs, and body tissues
1 Major Part of Circulatory System
Heart
2 Major Part of Circulatory System
Blood Vessels
Blood Vessels
Arteries, Capillaries and Veins
3 Major Part of Circulatory System
Blood
Blood
Plasma, red and white blood cells
Diastole
Relaxed heart, filling up with blood, valves open
Systole
Heart being pumped, pushing all the blood out, valves closed
Right Side
Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs and back
Left Side
Pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs to the rest of the body
Pulmonary Circuit
Right side of the heart
Systemic Circuit
Left side of the heart
Plasma
A yellowish liquid containing electrolytes, nutrients and vitamins, hormones, clotting factors, and proteins to fight infections. Making up 55% of our blood
White Blood Cells
Part of the immune system and destroys pathogens
Platelets
Clotting factors that are carried in the plasma
Hemoglobin
A protein that carries oxygen to the cells and carbon dioxide away from the cells
Pathogens
Infectious Agents
Coagulation
Sealing of a wound and prevent a blood loss
Temperature
Flowing blood near the surface, blood release heat through the skin by conduction and radiation
O Blood Type
Can be given to a person with any blood type
Structure of Arteries
Narrow lumen helps to maintain blood pressure. Thick walls able to withstand high blood pressure, elastic tissue gives allows for control over blood delivery to tissue
Structure of Veins
Large lumen diameter allows blood to flow easily with little resistance, under low pressure. Valves prevent back flow keeping blood flowing towards the heart
Structure of Capillaries
Microscopic vessels whose walls are only one cell thick allow materials to be exchanged with body cells. Nutrients, oxygen, hormones diffuse through wall out of blood plasma into the ECF and into cells. Waste and carbon dioxide diffuses from ECF into blood plasma
ECF
Extracellular Fluid
Capillary
Link arteries to venules with low blood pressure, to the cells the blood in oxygenated, no valves and is one cell thick
Superior Vena Cava
deoxygenated blood from venous blood returns from the head and arms
Inferior Vena Cava
deoxygenated blood from venous, blood returns from the lower body
Right Ventricle
deoxygenated blood from the right atrium
Aorta
oxygenated blood from the left ventricle
Left Atrium
oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins
AV
Atrioventricular
Tricuspid
AV valve on the right side, has 3 falps
Bicuspid Valve
AV valve on the left side, has 2 flaps
Semilunar Valves
Pulmonary and aortic valves
SA
Sinoatrial
"Lub" sound of the heart
closing of the AV valves as blood moves from the atria to the ventricles
"Dub" Sound of the Heart
the closing of the semilunar valves as blood moves from the ventricles into the arteries
ECG
Can be done to determine if the electrical signals are firing properly to control the heart beat
Electrocardiogram
ECG
Blood Pressure
The force exerted on the walls of the blood vessels by blood
Systolic Pressure
The higher pressure exerted on the vessel walls when ventricles are relaxing
Diastolic Pressure
The lower pressure exerted on the vessel walls when ventricles are relaxing
Sphygmomanometer
Blood pressure in arteries can measured by using this
Hypertension
One's blood pressure is continuously elevated
Cardiac Output
Heart rate x Stroke volume
Stroke Volume
the amount of blood forced out of the heart with each heart beat
Blood Pressure Medication
Causes the body to lose salt and water, which decreases the volume of blood and tightens the blood vessels
Purkinje Fibers
signal from the SA node goes to the AV nodes which is sent down this item and stimulates the contractions of all muscle cells of the ventricles
Mitral Valve
Bicuspid Valve
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells
Leukocytes
White blood cells
Thrombocytes
Platelets
Septum
A muscle lining dividing the right and left side of the heart
Medulla Oblongata
Part of the brain stem that controls heart beat and other subconscious functions
Types of White Blood Cells
Basophil, Eosinophil, Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, Monocyte
Functions of the Circulatory System
transports nutrients, transports oxygen and carbon dioxide and transports hormones
Open circulatory System
Blood flows freely in tissues without being contained in blood vessels (ex. insects)
Closed Circulatory System
Blood flows only in blood vessels (ex. all vertebrates)
Cardiac Circulation
Movement of blood within the heart
Note 
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