Histology and General Cytology Flashcards

Flashcards for reviewing key vocabulary terms in Histology and General Cytology.

Tissus épithéliaux

Epithelial tissues include ERU and ERP, and EG exo, endo, and amphicrine.

Tissus conjonctifs

Connective tissues consist of cells isolated from each other with an extracellular matrix of fibers and ground substance. Classified into non-specialized (TCNS) and specialized (TCS) types.

Fibres de collagène

Collagen fibers can be of type I, II, III, and IV.

Fibroblaste

A differentiated connective tissue cell derived from a mesenchymal cell, responsible for the synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix.

Collagène de type I

The most abundant protein in the body, providing structure and tensile strength in the extracellular space, synthesized by fibroblasts.

Collagène de type II

Organized as a fine network of procollagen fibrils, found in hyaline cartilage, and does not exhibit periodic striations of 64 nm.

Collagène de type III

Organized in a network of fibers, found in specialized reticular connective tissue, around adipocytes, smooth muscle cells, and hepatocytes, and stains black with silver staining.

Collagène de type IV

Organized as a fine network of procollagen fibrils, found in basal laminae, and not easily visible on paraffin sections.

Fibres élastiques

Proteins with physicochemical properties and supramolecular organizations that provide structure and elasticity to the tissues.

Substance fondamentale

A viscous gel for tissue coating and resilience, synthesized and degraded by fibroblasts or specialized connective tissue cells, composed of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans.

TCNS muqueux

Non-specialized connective tissue characterized by a predominance of ground substance, mesenchymal cells, rare type I collagen fibers, and vessels, found in embryonic tissues.

TCNS lâche

Loose connective tissue characterized by a predominance of cells (mesenchymal or fibroblasts) and type I collagen fibers.

TCNS dense irrégulier

Dense irregular connective tissue characterized by a predominance of type I collagen fibers arranged in plexiform bundles and fibroblasts.

TCNS dense régulier fasciculaire

Dense regular fascicular connective tissue characterized by a predominance of type I collagen fibers organized in parallel bundles, with few capillaries.

TCNS dense régulier lamellaire

Dense regular lamellar connective tissue characterized by a predominance of type I collagen fibers organized in perpendicular bundles, avascular.

TCNS dense élastique

Dense elastic connective tissue characterized by a predominance of elastic fibers and type I collagen fibers.

TCS réticulé

Specialized reticular connective tissue characterized by reticular cells, type III collagen fibers, no ground substance, and blood vessels.

TCS adipeux

Specialized adipose tissue (white fat) characterized by adipocytes and type III collagen fibers, serving for mechanical protection, isolation, triglyceride storage and hormone production.

TCS cartilagineux

A specialized connective tissue that includes hyaline, elastic, and fibrous cartilage.

TCS osseux

Bony Specialized connective tissue mineralized, highly vascularized and innervated, structured in lamellae and whose cells involved are osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts

Os Compact

Bony tissue that can take two forms; primary bone which contains parallel lamellae and Secondary bones comprising of osteones surrounded by a vascular cavity