Leukocyes, Hematopoiesis and Leukemia

Proliferation pool

Creation (Bone marrow)

Storage pool

Bone marrow, spleen

Marginal pool and circulating pool

Blood vessels

Tissue pools

Tissue

Leukocytosis

Elevated number of WBC

What are causes of leukocytosis

Excitement, Muscular exertion, Seizures, Stress, Digestion, Pregnancy, Estrus, Neonates, Species variation, Postimmunization

Hematopoiesis

Formation of blood cells

How long do RBC live for?

110 - 122 days in dogs, 68 in cats, 140-150 in horses

How long do neutrophils live for?

6-7 hours in circulation, 2-3 days in tissue

How long do eosinophils live for?

6-10 hours in circulation, several weeks in tissue

How long do Basophils live for?

Few hours in circ, several weeks in tissue

How long do Monocytes live for?

2 days in circulation, few days to months in tissue

How long do lymphocytes live for?

6-12 in circulation, months to years in tissue

How long do platelets live for?

3-7 days

What are the majority of lymphocytes in the body?

T cells (70% in body)

Leukemia

Unregulated neoplastic proliferation in marrow

Lymphoma

Unregulated neoplastic proliferation in lymph nodes

Acute Leukemia

Infiltration and often replacement of marrow by immature blast cells, death within days or weeks

Chronic Leukemia

Slow progression, Abnormal cells able to partially or completely mature

Acute Lumphoid Leukemia (ALL) 

Infiltration with circulating lymphoblasts (B and T cells)

Acute Myeloproliferative or Nonlymphoid (AML)

Infiltration with blast cells from on myeloid stem cell lines

Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia (CLL)

Increased proliferation of circulating lymphocytes, normal cells not able to pass out of blood vessels

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)

Marked proliferation of granulocytes, neutrophilia with significant left shift

Polycythemia Rubra Vera (P Vera)

Overproduction of RBC

Essential thrombocytosis

Overproduction of platelets

Lymphoma

solid hematopoietic tumor in dogs and cats, either B-cell or T-cell involved

Hemoglobin formation begins during the __________ stage of erythrocyte maturation and ends during the
_________ stage.

Rubricyte; metarubricyte

The primary cytokine involved in the stimulation of erythrocyte production is

Erythropoietin

The primary cytokine involved in the stimulation of platelet production is:

Thrombopoietin

The primary cytokine involved in the stimulation of leukocyte production is:

Leukopoietin

The primary site for the production of blood cells in the neonatal and juvenile animal is:

Red bone marrow