Lec 4: Cardiorespiratory Fitness (Pt 2)

Lab Measures for Submaximal Exercise Tests:

• Lab Measures for Submaximal Exercise Tests focus on what?

• Lab Measures for Submaximal Exercise Tests often require multiple…

• Fixed amount of work per unit of time

• Multiple stages/levels

Lab Measures for Submaximal Exercise Tests:

• What are the 3 modes of testing?

• What is the KEY POINT for Lab Measures for Submaximal Exercise Tests?

• 3 Modes:

  • Bench Step

  • Cycle Ergometer

  • Treadmill

• KEY POINT:

  • Limit a participant’s effort to LESS THAN Max Exertion

Lab Measures for Submaximal Exercise Tests:

• HR is measured throughout the test at different outputs and this info is used to estimate what?

• Which of the 3 Lab Measures for Submaximal Exercise Tests is shown to be more exact with quantifying work other than other modes of exercise testing?

• Estimate CRF

• Cycle Ergometer

Assumptions for Submax Exercise Test:

• Linear relationship between…

• HR max can be predicted by what?

• Steady State Heart Rate (HRss) can be achieved how?

• VO2 Max and HR btwn 110-150

• Age

• 3-4 minutes at a constant sub max workload

Assumptions for Submax Exercise Test:

• A cadence of what is comfortable and mechanically efficient?

• Submax work output can predict what?

• HR at 2 separate work outputs can be plotted as what?

  • And extrapolated to the estimated what?

• Cadence of 50 rpm

• Maximal aerobic capacity

• HR-VO2

  • HR max

What are the 5 sources of error in submax exercise tests?

• Prediction of HR max by age

• Efficiency of the participant performing the ergometer test

• Equipment calibration

• Accurate measurement of HR in each stage

• Having a HRss at each stage

Deciding on which Method to use:

• What is the Chief Goal?

• Keep participants safe

Deciding on which Method to use?

• What are the 6 considerations?

• Reasons for the test

• Risk level

• Expense

• Time required

• Personnel required

• Equipment and facilities required

What are 4 ADVANTAGES of Submaximal Exercise Testing?

• Relatively inexpensive and requires less equipment, personnel, med supervision like MAX test

• Allow for testing of large groups

• Shorter duration time

• Multistage Tests

  • Can assess multiple HR and BP

What are 4 DISADVANTAGES of Submaximal Exercise Testing?

• Max measurements (HR, BP, VO2) are not taken but often delivered

• VO2 Max prediction error range around 10-20%

• Limited diagnostic utility for certain disease (CAD)

• Limited exercise prescription purpose with no measured HR max

Pretest Standardizations for CRF Assessments? (6)

• Wear comfortable shoes

• Avoid tobacco and caffeine 3 hrs prior to test

• Avoid alcohol 12 hrs prior

• Consume plenty of fluids

• Avoid strenuous exercise for 24 hrs prior to test

• Get adequate sleep night before test

Pretest Standardizations for CRF Assessments:

• As a tester, you should do what 4 things?

• Obtain consent and PAR Q

• Instruct procedure

• Make sure pt understands that they can terminate test at any time

• Instruct used of Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale

What are the 2 Exercise Modes for Lab Submax Tests?

• Cycle Ergometer

• Treadmill

Cycle Ergometer:

• T/F: MC mode of submax testing

• 4 ADVANTAGES:

• TRUE

• 4:

  • Low impact

  • Safe mode of exercise

  • Ease of monitoring pulse and BP

  • Less expensive and more portable than treadmills

Cycle Ergometer:

• 2 DISADVANTAGES:

• 2

  • Not common mode of exercise/activity in US adults

  • Mechanically breaked cycle ergometers require constant pedaling cadence to keep work rate constant

    NOTE: These disadvantages should be noted as they can limit activity before meaningful end point for estimating CRF
    

Cycle Ergometer:

• T/F: Monark Cycle is the most popular brand for submax exercise testing.

• What type of Ergometer is the Monark Cycle?

• The Monark Cycle needs ___ for accurate work outputs

• TRUE

• Type

  • Mechanically braked cycle ergometer

• Calibration

Cycle Ergometer: Calibration

• Seat Height: Inappropriate seat height can result in what?

• Appropriate height:

  • What is proper foot placement?

• Adjust handle bars to allow what during test?

• Seat height:

  • Inefficiency and early fatigue

• Height:

  • Knee slightly bent with sole of foot centered on peddle while in bottom position

• Handlebars

  • Upright posture

Cycle Ergometer:

• Cycle Ergometer is measured by what?

• What 3 factors are included in equation?

• Work performed per unit of time

• 3

  • Resistance (kilogram force (kg))

  • Cadence

    • Pedal rpm

    • Usually set at 50 rpm

  • Distance

    • Flywheel travel distance each revolution

Cycle Ergometer:

• What are the 2 common protocols?

• Astrand Rhyming Cycle Ergometer Test

• YMCA Cycle Ergometer Test

Astrand Rhyming Cycle Ergometer Test:

• Participants start with:

• When is HR measured?

  • Expected HR:

• If < 125 bpm, what happens?

• Start:

  • 6 min bout of standardized work

• HR

  • Measured: END of 6 min bout

    • 125-170 bpm

• < 125 bpm

  • Workload increased

  • Additional 6 min bout completed

YMCA Cycle Ergometer:

• Describe Test:

• Maintain __ rpm throughout, BUT what increased with each stage?

• When does test stop?

• Four, 3 minute stages at incremental workloads

• 50 rpm, Resistance increases

• STOP

  • two separate 3 minute stages that result in HR balues btwn 110-150 bpm and 85% HR max

Treadmill:

• What is the purpose of Treadmill test?

• What is the MC protocol for Treadmill test?

• Purpose:

  • Prediction of CRF derived from linear relationship btwn HR and VO2 Max

• MC:

  • Bruce Protocol

Treadmill: Bruce Protocol

• Similar procedure to what test?

• Each stage is how long?

• What 2 values are needed to STOP the test?

• YMCA Submaximal Cycle Protcol

• 3 min

• TWO HR values btwn:

  • 110 bpm and 150 bpm

What are 6 considerations for accuracy of submaximal testing?

MET:

• 1 MET = what?

  • Equation:

• METs are calculated how?

• MET can also be used to calculate what?

• 1 MET =

  • Relative oxygen consumption at rest

    • 1 MET = 3.5mL x kg^-1 x min^-1

• Calculated

  • Dividing oxygen consumption of an activity by 3.5

• Caloric expenditure

MET:

• Light Intensity =

• Mod Intensity =

• Vigorous Intensity =

• Light: 1.6-2.9 METs

• Mod: 3.0-5.9 METs

• Vig: ≥ 6.o METs

Summary