orbits, facial, nasal, bone exam

What is this?

Ramus of Mandible

What is the name of the spongy depressions where the teeth embed from?
A. Coronal process
B. Alveolar processes
C. Diploe
D. Turbinates

B. Alveolar processes

What two bones form the bony nasal septum?

A. Superior and Inferior nasal conchae
B. Ethmoid and Vomer
C. Vomer and Maxilla
D. Sphenoid and Ethmoid

B. Ethmoid and Vomer

What is another name for the nasal conchae?
A. Malar bones
B. Antrum of Highmore
C. Turbinates
D. Crista galli

C. Turbinates

What is another name for the zygoma bones?
A. Malar bones
B. Maxillary bones
C. Antrum of Highmore
D. Malabar

A. Malar bones

What is the junction of the 2 halves of the mandible called?
A. Mandibular symphysis
B. Symphysis pubis
C. Midline
D. TMJ

A. Mandibular symphysis

The posterior aspect of the orbit is termed the:
A. Apex
B. Base
C. Sphenoid strut
D. Crown

A. Apex

What are the four divisions of the temporal bone?
A. Tympanic, Clivus, TEA, Petrous
B. Squamosal, Tympanic, Mastoid, Petrous
C. Mastoid, Sphenoid, Ethmoid, EAM
D. Tympanic, Parietal, Zygomatic, Squamosal

B. Squamosal, Tympanic, Mastoid, Petrous

What is another name for the petrous pyramids?
A. Pars interarticularis
B. Pars petrosa
C. Pers Petrosa
D. Petrous peaks

B. Pars petrosa

What is the name of the L-shaped bone that makes up the majority of the roof of our mouth?
A. Malar
B. Vomer
C. Zygoma
D. Palatine

D. Palatine

What is the vertical portion of the mandible called?
A. Ramus/Rami
B. Symphysis
C. Body
D. Mentum

A. Ramus/Rami

What is another name for the Maxillary sinuses?
A. Pars Petrosa
B. Gonion
C. Malar
D. Antrum of Highmore

D. Antrum of Highmore

What is the name of the angle of the mandible?
A. Condyle
B. Coronoid
C. Rami
D. Gonion

D. Gonion

How many Nasal bones are there?

2

What are all the facial bones?

A. 2 Nasal bones
B. 2 Maxillary bones
C. 2 Zygomatic bones
D. 1 Mandible
E. 2 Palatine bones
F. 1 Vomer
G. 2 Lacrimal bones
H. 2 Inferior nasal conchae

What facial bone is described as plow shaped?

Vomer

Which process of the mandible forms the TMJ joint with the temporal bone?
A. Condyloid
B. Coronoid
C. Alveolar
D. Gonion

A. Condyloid

On a lateral nasal bone, do you image the affected side only or both?
A. Both
B. Affected Side Only

A. Both

What is the FOV for all facial, nasal, and orbital imaging?
A. 10x12
B. 8x8
C. 8x10
D. 12x14

C. 8x10

Is a Towne's or SMV part of a nasal bone routine?
A. No
B. Yes

A. No

What pathology do you see in this image?
A. Fractured nasal bones
B. Orbital fracture
C. Frontal sinusitis
D. Maxillary sinusitis

A. Fractured nasal bones

Which baseline is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the IR/FOV in the image below?
A. Infraorbital meatal line
B. Orbitomeatal line
C. Glabellomeatal line
D. Interpupillary line

A. Infraorbital meatal line

Which baseline is perpendicular to the IR in the image below?
A. Glabellomeatal line
B. Infraorbitomeatal line
C. Orbitomeatal line
D. Acanthiomeatal line

C. Orbitomeatal line

Which of the following is not part of the routine images taken for facial bones?
A. PA axial (Caldwell method)
B. Parietoacanthial (Waters method)
C. Lateral
D. SMV

D. SMV

True or False: The Waters view will demonstrate a displaced fracture in the perpendicular plate/nasal septum?
A. True
B. False

A. True

True or False: A modified Waters requires more extension of the chin than the regular Waters?
A. True
B. False

B. False

What position/method is used for the best evaluation of orbital foreign bodies and blowout fractures of the orbit?
A. Waters
B. Modified Waters
C. PA
D. PA Caldwell

B. Modified Waters

What does the basilar view show us in facial bones best?

Zygomatic Arches

What pathology do you see in this image?
A. Fractured zygomatic arch
B. Orbital fracture
C. Frontal sinusitis
D. Maxillary bone fracture

A. Fractured zygomatic arch

What is the CR for lateral of nasal bones?

1/2 inches inferior to nasion

For a Basilar/Schuller's image, what is the relationship of the IOML and IR?
A. Parallel
B. Perpendicular
C. Oblique
D. Inferior

A. Parallel

What is the CR for lateral of facial bones?

Between EAM and outer canthus. On the level of the zygoma bone

What are routine views for nasal bones?

A. Bilateral Laterals

B. Waters

What view is this?

Towne view

What view is this?

PA Axial Caldwell

What view is this?

Waters view

What view is this?

Schuller's view (SMV)

Identify letter A
A. Palatine
B. Sphenoid
C. Frontal
D. Maxilla

C. Frontal

Identify letter B
A. Ethmoid
B. Sphenoid
C. Lacrimal
D. Maxilla

A. Ethmoid

Identify letter C
A. Frontal
B. Palatine
C. Maxilla
D. Lacrimal

D. Lacrimal

Identify letter D
A. Lacrimal
B. Orbital surface of maxilla
C. Maxilla
D. Zygoma

B. Orbital surface of maxilla

Identify letter E
A. Orbital surface of maxilla
B. Sphenoid
C. Zygoma
D. Maxilla

C. Zygoma

Identify letter F
A. Maxilla
B. Sphenoid
C. Lacrimal
D. Palatine

D. Palatine

Identify letter G
A. Frontal
B. Sphenoid
C. Zygoma
D. Orbital surface of maxilla

B. Sphenoid

Identify letter A

Mastoid Air Cells

Identify letter B

Condyle

Identify letter C

Ramus

Identify letter D

Body

Identify the green area, #1
A. Frontal sinuses
B. Ethmoid sinuses
C. Maxillary sinuses
D. Sphenoid sinuses

A. Frontal sinuses

Identify the purple area, #2
A. Frontal sinuses
B. Maxillary sinuses
C. Frontal sinuses
D. Ethmoid sinuses

D. Ethmoid sinuses

Identify the red area, #3
A. Sphenoid sinuses
B. Maxillary sinuses
C. Ethmoid sinuses
D. Frontal sinuses

A. Sphenoid sinuses

Identify the blue area, #4
A. Frontal sinuses
B. Ethmoid sinuses
C. Maxillary sinuses
D. Sphenoid sinuses

C. Maxillary sinuses

What is the CR for lateral of facial bones?

On the lateral zygoma bone, between outer canthus and EAM

For the open-mouth modification of the Waters method, the central ray should exit the:
A. Nasion
B. Glabella
C. Acanthion
D. Open mouth

D. Open mouth

How many bones comprise the bony orbit?
A. 5
B. 7
C. 9
D. 11

B. 7

How many bones make up the face?
A. 6
B. 10
C. 12
D. 14

D. 14

In a typically shaped head, the petrous pyramids project anteriorly and medially at what angle?
A. 37 degrees
B. 40 degrees
C. 47 degrees
D. 54 degrees

C. 47 degrees

The central-ray angulation for the reverse Waters method is:
A. 0 degrees
B. 15 degrees
C. 30 degrees to the AML
D. 37 degrees to the AML

A. 0 degrees

The largest and most dense bone of the face is the:
A. Maxilla
B. Mandible
C. Frontal
D. Sphenoid

B. Mandible

The largest sinus is the:
A. Frontal
B. Maxillary
C. Ethmoidal
D. Sphenoidal

B. Maxillary

What do the lateral nasal bones demonstrate?

All 4 sinuses: Frontal, Sphenoid, Ethmoid, Maxillary

What do the lateral facial bones demonstrate?

All facial bones, right and left sides superimposed

The modified Waters method requires less angulation of the facial bones. The OML is adjusted to:
A. 30 degrees to the IR
B. 37 degrees to the IR
C. 55 degrees to the IR
D. 60 degrees to the IR

C. 55 degrees to the IR (50-55)

What is another name for the Waters view?

Parietoacanthial

The respiration phase for all projections of the facial bones and sinuses is:

A. Suspended
B. Inspiration
C. Expiration
D. Shallow breathing

A. Suspended

The small bone situated at the base of the tongue is the:
A. Hyoid
B. Alveolar
C. Cornu
D. Styloid

A. Hyoid

The two ethmoidal sinuses are located within which bone?

A. Frontal
B. Ethmoid
C. Sphenoid
D. Maxillary

B. Ethmoid

The zygomatic processes are a part of which bone?
A. Frontal
B. Parietal
C. Temporal
D. Sphenoid

C. Temporal

How is the central ray directed for a PA axial projection of the mandibular rami?
A. 10–15 degrees cephalic
B. 10–15 degrees caudal
C. 20–25 degrees caudal
D. 20–25 degrees cephalic

D. 20–25 degrees cephalic

What type of joint is the TMJ?

Synovial; Hinge

Where are the petrous ridges seen on a parietoacanthial Waters radiograph?
A. Middle of maxillary sinuses
B. Superior to maxillary sinuses
C. Inferior to floor of maxillary sinuses
D. Lower third of the maxillary sinuses

C. Inferior to floor of maxillary sinuses

Which facial bone contains a foramen through which the tear duct passes?
A. Nasal
B. Palatine
C. Maxillae
D. Lacrimal

D. Lacrimal (La “cry” mal)

Which of the following are included as FUNCTIONS of the sinuses?

1. Decrease the weight of the skull

2. Warm and moisten inhaled air

3. Provide a resonating chamber for the voice

A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2
C. 2 and 3
D. 1, 2 and 3

D. 1, 2 and 3

1. Decrease the weight of the skull
2. Warm and moisten inhaled air
3. Provide a resonating chamber for the voice

Which of the following is true regarding the lateral projection of the nasal bones?

1. MSP is parallel with the tabletop or upright bucky

2. Both sides are done for comparison

3. The interpupillary line is perpendicular to the tabletop or upright bucky

A. 1 and 2
B. 1 and 3
C. 2 and 3
D. 1, 2, and 3

D. 1, 2, and 3

Which four of the following apply to proper evaluation criteria for a lateral projection of the facial bones?

1. The sella turcica should not be rotated.

2. The orbital roofs should be superimposed.

3. The mandibular rami should be almost completely superimposed.

4. All facial bones should be completely included with the zygomatic bone in the center.

A. 1 and 2
B. 2 and 3
C. 3 and 4
D. 1, 3, and 4
E. 2, 3, and 4
F. 1, 2, 3, and 4

F. 1, 2, 3, and 4

Which of the sinuses is developed at birth and visible radiographically?
A. Maxillary
B. Ethmoidal
C. Sphenoidal
D. Frontal

A. Maxillary

Which line is positioned horizontal to ensure proper extension of the head during a lateral projection of the sinuses?
A. AML
B. OML
C. IOML
D. MML

C. IOML

Which reference line is positioned perpendicular to the angled IR for the PA axial (Caldwell method) projection of the sinuses?

A. AML
B. OML
C. MML
D. IOML

B. OML

Which sinus is located immediately below the sella turcica?
A. Frontal
B. Maxillary
C. Ethmoidal
D. Sphenoidal

D. Sphenoidal

Which sinus is projected through the mouth on the open-mouth modification of the Waters method?

A. Frontal
B. Ethmoidal
C. Sphenoidal
D. Maxillary

C. Sphenoidal

Identify letter F

Orbital Roof

What is G identifying?
A. Horizontal plates of the frontal bone
B. Greater wing of the sphenoid
C. Sella Turcica
D. Vomer

B. Greater wing of the sphenoid

Identify letter H

Sella Turcica

Identify letter I
A. Mandibular condyle
B. Greater wing of the sphenoid
C. Mastoid air cells
D. Sella Turcica

A. Mandibular condyle

Identify letter J

Mandibular Ramus

Identify letter K
A. Maxillary sinus
B. Frontal bone
C. Frontal sinus
D. Zygoma

C. Frontal sinus

Identify letter L

Nasal Bone

Identify letter M

Maxillary Sinus

Identify letter N
A. Maxillary sinus
B. Maxilla
C. Sella turcica
D. Orbital roof

B. Maxilla

Identify letter O

Mandible

Identify letter A

Glabella

Identify letter B

Inner Canthus

Identify letter C

Nasion

Identify letter D

Acanthion

Identify letter E
A. Gonion (angle of mandible)
B. Acanthion
C. Infraorbital margin
D. Nasion

A. Gonion (angle of mandible)

Identify letter F

Infraorbitoal margin

Identify letter G

Outer Canthus

Identify letter A

Glabelloalveolar line

Identify letter B

Glabella

Identify letter C

Glabellomeatal line (GML)