NUTR 3000 - Composition of the animal

Nutrients in the composition of the animal's body

water

protein

minerals

fat

ash

small amount carbohydrate

components of the composition of an animals body

bone (ash, some protein and fat)

carcass (Fat and water)

muscle (Protein, some water and fat)

The most abundant protein in the animal body is

collagen

Collagen is found in the

bones

tendons

ligaments

skin

everywhere a strong frame work is needed

The second most abundant protein is

muscle protein

Examples of muscle proteins

actin, myosin, and keratin

Where is keratin found

outer layer of skin

hooves

fingernails

horns

hair

beaks

Components like organs, hair and skin are less valuable, but they influence the yield of things like

muscle, fat, and bone (more valuable)

Which tissue increases in size the most and least times from birth to maturity

Least: eye=2x

most: skeletal muscle=48x

The order of development

CNS (brain, spinal cord and organs like heart and lungs)

Bone

Muscle

Adipose

T/F: Organs increase in size as much from birth as muscle or the skeleton

false. Heart, liver, lungs, etc don't increases as much

Organ and tissue growth includes what tissue

nerve tissues like the brain and eye

The first step of embryonic development is

the CNA (brain and spinal cord)

Why don't organs and nerve tissue increase in size as much from birth to maturity as skeletal muscles or skeleton

because they are essential to survival and are closer to full development at birth than anything less essential

Organs critical to the animal's survival are fairly well developed at birth

Skeletal muscles are not as critical to initial survival

- A considerable portion of their development takes place after birth

T/F: the skeleton is not well developed at birth

false. It is well developed and provides necessary framework

The body percentage of bone is ___________ at birth

high (decreases as the animal grows)

What body component comprises the highest percentage of carcass throughout most of an animal's life

muscle

Percent muscle is _________ at birth and ___________ through maturity

high, decreases (as fat depo accelerates)

In market pigs, muscle is ___% live weight

40

The last tissue to develop is

adipose

The percentage of adipose is _________ at birth and ____________ throughout maturity

low, high

Adipose is primarily developed during

maturity

What component can exceed the amount of muscle sometimes?

adipose

When cooking steak, what is the forgiving part of the steak?

fat

Adipose deposition can be valuable and not valuable in animal products. How?

Marbling is good, but not necessary in something like chicken. Also, adipose is costly to add since it comes so late in maturity, you have to feed an animal much longer to get it fat

fish are poikilothermic. what is their development at different temperatures

below 9 degrees, digestion is halted or impaired. Same if too warm (other physiological demands increase, need more oxygen but their is less). If 10-18 degrees are optimal, but fish at 10 degrees will grow slow er than the 18