Film

Unit test 3

Key Grip

The head of the grip department, responsible for camera support, movement, and shaping light.

Best Boy Grip

The Key Grip's chief assistant, handles logistics, crew schedule, and equipment for the grip department.

Dolly Grip

A grip who specializes in operating camera dollies and ensuring smooth camera movements.

Company Grip

A general member of the grip crew who performs various tasks as directed by the Key Grip and Best Boy Grip.

Rigging Grip

Grips who come in early to pre-rig camera and lighting support structures.

Gaffer

The head of the electric department, responsible for designing and executing the lighting plan.

Best Boy Electric

The Gaffer's chief assistant, handles logistics, crew schedule, and power distribution for the electric department.

Lamp Operator

An electrician who sets up, operates, and maintains lighting instruments.

Generator Operator

Responsible for operating and maintaining portable generators for on-location power.

Grip Department

The team responsible for camera support and movement, as well as shaping and controlling light using flags, scrims, etc.

Electric Department

The team responsible for providing and managing electrical power and operating lighting instruments.

Optional Additional Cards (Depending on your test's focus)

What is the difference between an electrician and a grip?

Electricians bring power to the light; grips shape the light and create shadows.

Camera Support

The equipment and techniques used to hold and move the camera (e.g., tripods, dollies, jibs). (Often a primary responsibility of the Grip Department)

Light Shaping

The use of flags, scrims, diffusion, and other tools to control the direction, intensity, and quality of light. (A key area where Grips collaborate with Electricians)

Power Distribution

The process of safely and efficiently supplying electrical power to lighting and other equipment on set. (A primary responsibility of the Electric Department)

Lighting Plan

The Gaffer's detailed strategy for how each scene will be lit, including the placement and type of lights. (Developed by the Gaffer in collaboration with the DP)

• Tungsten (Color Temperature)

• : Warm, yellowish-orange light with a color temperature typically between 2700K and 3200K.  

• This type of light is often used in film production for its flattering effects on skin tones.

• 5600K

• : The approximate color temperature of daylight, which is cooler (bluish-white) than tungsten.  It is commonly used in film to mimic natural sunlight.

Voltage

• The electrical potential difference or pressure. Standard in US is 120V.

Amps

The unit of electrical current.  

Power Calculation:

Watts = Volts x Amps

1kW Tungsten Light (Amps at 120V):

Approximately 8.3 Amps (1000W / 120V).

Household Circuit (Typical US Amperage):

• 15 or 20 Amps.

Generator

A portable power source often needed for high-wattage tungsten lights on location.

Cool Light (Kelvin):

• typically ranging from 4000K to 5000K, appearing more neutral or slightly blue.  

From the light to the lens is the job of whom?

Grip

Rule of Thirds

A composition rule that divides the screen into thirds horizontally and vertically, like a tic-tac toe grid placed over the picture on a television set. Almost all of the important information included in every shot is located at one of the four intersections of the horizontal and vertical lines

Who creates light?

Electricians

Q: Who creates shadows?

Grips

Q: Which department covers all electrical needs on set?

Electrical Department

Q: Which department supports all non-electrical components on set?

Grip Department

Q: How do grips support the Camera Department?

By creating rigs for mounting in places other than the tripod.

Q: What is a C-Stand used for?

A: Positioning light modifiers like silks, nets, or flags in front of lights.

Q: What is a baby pin?

A: A pin on top of a C-Stand for attaching gear.

Q: What does a double net do?

A: Reduces about 60% of the light or one full camera f-stop.

Q: What is a solid flag used for?

A: To block light completely.

Q: What is a silk used for?

A: To soften the quality of light and reduce intensity.

Q: What does a single net do?

A: Reduces about 30% of the light or half a camera f-stop.

Q: What is a cucoloris (cookie)?

A: A modifier that creates a patterned shadow

Q: What is a shiny board used for?

A: To reflect hard light.

Q: What is a bounce board used for?

A: To bounce diffused light.

Q: What is a gel frame?

A: A frame skinned with color or diffusion gel.

Q: What are apple boxes?

A: Wooden crates used for rigging, adjusting height, or supporting gear.

Q: What is a dolly?

A: A wheeled platform used to move a camera smoothly.

Q: What is a dolly track used for?

A: To help the dolly move smoothly over uneven terrain.

Q: Who operates the dolly?

A: Dolly grip

(00):00:00:00

Hours

00:(00):00:00

Minutes

00:00:(00):00

Seconds

00:00:00:(00)

Frames

A _________ number has a ________ opening and MORE light

smaller, bigger

A _________ number has a ________ opening and LESS light

larger, smaller

Latitude

The difference between the brightest and the darkest area of an image.

"Blown Out"

Absolute white with no detail visible.

1:33:1

The aspect ratio primarily used for NTSC television

1:78:1

The aspect ratio primarily used for U.S. Digital television

2:35:1

The aspect ratio primarily used for Anamorphic Scope

Three-Legged camera mount"

Tripod

Shallow Focus

A shot in which only objects and persons in the foreground of the image can be seen clearly.

Deep Focus

When the foreground and background are equally in focus.

During development, a producer will work with a ________ and a ________

screenwriter, director