Biology - Section 2.2: Intracellular Transport

intracellular transport

how material moves in and out of the cell

active transport

used energy (ATP) to move materials

passive transport

doesn’t need energy (ATP) to move materials

low to high concentration

active transport

high to low concentration

passive transport

ATP stands for?

adenosine triphosphate

where is ATP made?

in the mitochondria

concentration gradient

the gradient that occurs when there is an area of higher amount of concentration than another area

moving along the concentration gradient means that it is ___ transport

passive transport

moving against the concentration gradient means that it is ___ transport

active transport

phospholipid bilayer

the two layers of phospholipids that make up the cell membrane

aquaporins

proteins in the cell membrane that help water pass through the cell membrane quicker

can water move though the cell membrane by itself?

yes, but it will take very slow

carrier protein

proteins in the cell membrane that help large and polar molecules pass through the cell membrane

transport protein

proteins in the cell membrane that help charged ions pass through the cell membrane

endocytosis

vesicles absorb external material into the cell using ATP

exocytosis

vesicles secrete internal material out of the cell using ATP

bulk transport

used when there is a very large and very polar molecule that is needed to be secreted or absorbed into the cell

* ex. exocytosis and endocytosis

sodium ion pump

pumps molecules from high to low concentration using ATP