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Al3+
white ppt (Al(OH)(s)) formed soluble in excess to give a colourless solution (Al(OH)4-) (aq) complex
NH4+
On warming, colourless pungent gas evolved turned moist red litmus paper blue (NH3)
Ba2+
no ppt formed
Ca2+
White ppt formed (Ca(OH)2) insoluble in excess
Cr3+ (green)
Grey green ppt of Cr(OH)3(s)formed, soluble in excess to give [Cr(OH)6]3-(aq)
Cu2+(blue)
Pale blue ppt of Cu(OH)2 formed insoluble in excess
Fe2+ (pale green)
Green ppt of Fe(OH)2 formed insoluble in excess. Fe(OH)3 formed on standing in air
Fe3+ (yellow)
Red brown Fe(OH)3 formed insoluble in excess
Mg2+ (colourless)
White ppt of Mg(OH)2 formed insoluble in excess.
Mn2+ (pale pink)
Off white ppt of Mn(OH)2 (s) formed insoluble in excess. Mn(OH)3 (formed on standing in air)
Zn2+ (colourles)
White Zn(OH)2 (s) formed soluble in excess to give a [Zn(OH)4]2- complex