Chapter 3 –Global Supply Chain Quality & International Standards

What are the objectives of studying global supply chain quality?

Understand global quality economics, culture’s role, compare approaches, Baldrige award, Japanese lean/TQC, ISO 9000:2015.

What challenges do multinational firms face in quality management?

Licensing, partnering, globalization, diverse environments (physical, task, social).

What is the Baldrige Performance Excellence Program?

A U.S. award and self-assessment tool for quality excellence.

What industries can apply for the Baldrige Award?

Manufacturing, healthcare, education, not-for-profit, and service.

What are the 7 Baldrige Award categories?

Leadership, Strategy, Customer Focus, Measurement/Knowledge, Workforce, Operations, Results.

Who administers the Baldrige Award process?

NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology).

What does the Deming Prize commemorate?

W. Edwards Deming’s contribution to Japan’s quality improvement.

What are some categories of the Deming Prize?

Policy management, QC circles, cross-functional activities, new product development, IT, HR development.

Who administers the European Quality Award?

EFQM (European Foundation for Quality Management).

What makes the European approach unique?

Adaptability across diverse nations, emphasis on employees, environment, and work quality as art.

What is lean production?

A philosophy focused on eliminating waste and creating value for customers.

What are Shingo’s Seven Wastes?

Overproduction, Waiting, Transportation, Processing itself, Inventory, Motion, Defects.

Why is lean considered a “systems view”?

It optimizes the whole process through continuous improvement.

What are key features of Japanese Total Quality Control?

Andon visibility, in-process inspection, N=2 technique, workforce involvement, 5S, quality circles, preventive maintenance.

What are the 5S principles?

Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain.

What is ISO 9000:2015?

International quality management standards for documenting and maintaining systems.

What are the three main ISO 9000 standards?

ISO 9000 (vocabulary), ISO 9001 (requirements), ISO 9004 (sustained success).

What are the 7 Clauses of ISO 9000:2015?

Context, Leadership, Planning, Support, Operation, Performance evaluation, Improvement.

What are the 7 Principles of ISO 9000:2015?

Customer focus, Leadership, Engagement of people, Process approach, Improvement, Evidence-based decisions, Relationship management.

What is ISO 14000?

An international standard for environmental compliance.

How does ISO 14000 differ from ISO 9000?

ISO 9000 focuses on quality systems; ISO 14000 focuses on environmental management.

How is U.S. quality management characterized?

Command-and-control, results oriented.

How is Japanese quality management characterized?

Based on consistency, waste reduction, and continuous improvement.

How is European quality management characterized?

Broad adaptable standards, employee focus, environmental concern, craftsmanship.

What challenges does China face in quality management?

Low worker education, inexperience, short-term labor, bribery/guanxi influence.