Imperialism and Revolutions in Asia and the Americas

A collection of flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture notes on Imperialism in Asia and the Americas in the 19th century.

British Raj

British colonial rule in India from 1858 to 1947.

Opium War (1839-1842)

War between Britain and China over British opium trade, resulting in British victory.

Treaty of Nanjing

Ended the Opium War, giving Britain control over Hong Kong and trade privileges.

Taiping Rebellion (1850-1864)

A massive Chinese civil war against the Qing dynasty, led by a religious visionary.

Boxer Rebellion (1899-1901)

Anti-foreign, anti-Christian uprising in China, crushed by an international coalition.

1911 Revolution

Overthrew the Qing dynasty, leading to the establishment of the Republic of China under Sun Yat-sen.

Matthew Perry

U.S. commodore who forced Japan to open trade with the West in 1853.

Meiji Restoration (1868)

Japan's modernization movement, overthrowing the shogunate and adopting Western ideas.

Japan: “Strong Army, Rich Nation”

Japan's motto under Meiji, emphasizing military and economic strength.

Haitian Revolution (1791-1804)

A successful slave revolt in Saint-Domingue led by Toussaint Louverture, resulting in Haiti’s independence.

Simón Bolívar

Venezuelan revolutionary who helped liberate South America from Spanish rule.

Latin American Revolutions

19th-century movements that led to independence from European powers.

Caudillos

Military strongmen who ruled Latin American countries, often with authoritarian methods.

Manifest Destiny

The belief that the U.S. was destined to expand across North America, impacting Native Americans and Mexico.

Benito Juárez

Liberal reformer and Mexican president who resisted foreign intervention and modernized Mexico.

Immigration to the Americas

Large-scale migration from Europe to the U.S. and Latin America in the 19th century.

Mexican Revolution (1910-1920)

A movement for land reform and democracy, leading to a new constitution.

Latin America: Comparative Advantage

The region specialized in raw materials for export, keeping economies dependent.

Monroe Doctrine/Roosevelt Corollary

U.S. policies opposing European intervention in the Americas.

Spanish-American War (1898)

The U.S. defeated Spain, gaining control over Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.