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organic chem
the chemistry of carbon compounds
displayed formulae
shows spatial arrangement of all the atoms and bounds in a molecule
molecular formulae
shows actual number of each atom in a molecule
alkanes
a group of saturated hydrocarbons
boiling point
hydrocarbons, high, size of intermolecular forces increases
viscosity
hydrocarbons, increases with chain length
flammability
smaller are more flammable and easier to ignite
complete combustion
occurs to form water and co2
cracking
process used to break low demand, long chain hydrocarbons into more useful small chain hydrocarbons
conditions of catalytic cracking
heating to 500 to vaporise them, pass over catalyst if aluminium oxide, breaks covalent bonds causing thermal decomposition
conditions for thermal
higher temps, produces more ring structures, mixed with steam inducing cracking
alkane
saturated containing single bonds
alkene
unsaturated containing double bonds
test of alkenes
bromine water decolourised from orange