Statistics Chapter 1 - Unit 1.2 Types of Data

Vocabulary flashcards covering core terms, data types, levels of measurement, and concepts from Statistics Chapter 1, Unit 1.2.

Population

The complete collection of all individuals, measurements, or data being studied.

Sample

A subset of the population selected for study.

Parameter

A numerical measurement describing a characteristic of a population.

Statistic

A numerical measurement describing a characteristic of a sample.

Quantitative Data

Data consisting of numbers representing counts or measurements.

Qualitative Data

Data consisting of names, labels, or categories rather than meaningful numerical measurements.

Discrete Quantitative Data

Quantitative data with a finite number of values or a countable number of possible values.

Continuous Quantitative Data

Quantitative data that can take infinitely many possible values within an interval.

Nominal Level of Measurement

Data characterized by names, labels, or categories only, with no meaningful order.

Ordinal Level of Measurement

Data with categories that can be arranged in order, but differences between ranks are not reliably measurable.

Interval Level of Measurement

Ordered numerical data with meaningful differences, but no true zero.

Ratio Level of Measurement

Interval-level data with a true zero, where order, differences, and ratios are meaningful.

Big Data

Data sets so large and complex that traditional software tools may be inadequate for storing, managing, or analyzing them.

Data Science

An interdisciplinary field involving statistics, computer science, software engineering, and related methods used to extract useful information from data.