Insulin
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40 Terms
A patient with type 1 diabetes is scheduled for surgery tomorrow. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?
Administer 25% less insulin the night before surgery
What is the ONLY true contraindication to insulin administration?
Hypoglycemia
Which insulin can be given IV?
Regular insulin (Humulin R)
A patient is receiving Afrezza. The nurse should assess the patient for:
Acute bronchospasm
Which patient should NOT receive Afrezza?
Type 1 diabetic with asthma
A patient on insulin and beta blockers asks why their hypoglycemia "feels different." The nurse explains:
Beta blockers mask signs like tachycardia.
The nurse knows that insulin glargine:
Has no peak.
What teaching should the nurse give for storing insulin?
Unopened in fridge; opened at room temp 28 days.
What must be done before giving insulin?
Double check insulin dose with another nurse.
What should be included in teaching for an insulin pump?
Pump delivers basal insulin + bolus at meals.
What is a risk factor for increased insulin requirements?
Hyperthyroidism
Which injection site absorbs insulin fastest?
Abdomen
A patient asks when to inject regular insulin before meals:
30–45 min before meals
Why rotate insulin injection sites?
Prevent lipodystrophy
Which factor decreases insulin needs?
Increased physical activity
How should insulin glargine be administered?
SubQ at bedtime
When should a nurse instruct a patient to eat after giving rapid-acting insulin lispro?
Eat immediately
A nurse should monitor for hypoglycemia during which period with NPH insulin?
Mid to late afternoon
What is a contraindication for Afrezza?
Asthma
Why monitor blood glucose more frequently during illness?
Illness causes unpredictable glucose swings
What is an appropriate action for a child with type 1 DM playing soccer?
Monitor glucose before/during/after
What is a key teaching point for sick day management?
Monitor BG at least 4x/day
A nurse teaches an adolescent with type 1 DM to rotate injection sites to prevent:
Lipodystrophy
What increases risk for hypoglycemia?
Delayed meals
What is a major complication of insulin overdose?
Hypoglycemia
Which drug can cause hyperglycemia in a diabetic patient?
Prednisone
The nurse knows that which patient teaching is priority for insulin lispro?
Eat meal immediately after injection
A type 2 diabetic requires insulin during illness because:
Illness increases insulin resistance
Which insulin may be used in combination with NPH?
Lispro
What teaching should a nurse give about using insulin during exercise?
Avoid injecting insulin into active muscle
How do corticosteroids affect insulin needs?
Increase insulin needs
Why must two nurses check insulin doses?
Ensure correct dose and prevent hypoglycemia
What finding would indicate lipodystrophy?
Dimpling or thickening at injection site
Which is a nursing implication when administering insulin to a patient on beta blockers?
Beta blockers may mask hypoglycemia symptoms
What is a priority teaching point for insulin glargine?
Do not mix with any other insulin
What symptom should be reported to provider when on Afrezza?
Cough or wheezing
What is an appropriate insulin regimen for a type 1 DM adolescent?
Multiple daily injections or pump
For an NPH/regular 70/30 mix, when should the nurse monitor for hypoglycemia?
Mid-afternoon
A patient asks why they need a bedtime snack when on NPH insulin. The nurse explains:
To prevent nighttime hypoglycemia
What should be done for a patient on metformin needing a CT scan with contrast?
A patient taking metformin who needs a CT scan with contrast should have metformin held due to risk of lactic acidosis. Assess kidney function prior to scan.