UK Physical and Demographic Characteristics

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary related to the physical characteristics, demographic trends, and societal changes in the UK.

Sparsely populated

Areas that have few inhabitants and are characterized by vast open spaces.

Densely populated

Regions that have a high concentration of people, often with many roads and urban developments.

Relief rainfall

Rain that occurs when moist air is lifted over upland areas, causing it to cool and condense.

Rain shadow

An area on the leeward side of a mountain range that receives significantly less rainfall than the windward side.

Natural increase

The difference between the number of births and deaths in a population over a specific period.

Net migration

The difference between the number of immigrants coming into a country and the number of emigrants leaving the country.

Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

A model that illustrates the stages of population growth as a country develops economically.

Water stress

A situation where the demand for water exceeds the available supply in a region.

Urban sprawl

The expansion of urban areas into the surrounding countryside, often leading to the development of suburbs.

Ethnic diversity

The presence of multiple ethnic groups within a society, contributing to cultural variety.

Ageing population

A demographic trend where the proportion of older individuals (typically over 65) in the population is increasing.

Economic hubs

Central areas that are associated with economic development and innovation, often near universities.

Service industry

The sector of the economy that provides services rather than goods, including finance, healthcare, and education.

Population density

The number of people living per unit of area, commonly measured in people per square kilometer.

Cultural influence

The impact that a society’s customs, traditions, and values have on another society.

Multiculturalism

The coexistence of diverse cultures, leading to interactions among groups and influences on society.

Life expectancy

The average age that a person can expect to live based on demographic factors such as health and living conditions.

Urban housing shortage

A situation where there is an inadequate supply of affordable homes in urban areas to accommodate a growing population.