Impacts

Redman’s Five Points

1. Landscape untouched by human hands never existed

2. Past human impacts have significantly altered modern landscapes

3. Many studies undermine ancient peoples impacts

4. Archaeology can bridge the gap

5. Cultural and institutional frameworks shaped decisions made both good and bad

George Perkins Marsh

Published a book documenting sites along the Mississippi in 1850s

Argued against deforestation

Sparked the conservation movement

Paul Ehrlich

Wrote the population bomb, warned of mass starvation

Wise-use

originally meant for sustainable harvest of natural resources

shifted to businesses and private landowners should have control

Conservation movement (1890-1920)

Focused on wildlife, fisheries, forestry and water quality

Counterpoint to urbanization and industrialization

Gifford Pinchot

Chief of Forestry via Roosevelt

1905 - gained control of the national forest reserves

Promoted the idea that public lands could be used by private people for a fee, under federal supervision

Lucky Dragon

Exposed to hydrogen fallout from the nuclear testing at bikini atoll

Led to the creation of godzilla

Started the modern conservation movement

Rachel Carson

Wrote a silent spring - 1962

created the modern environmental movement

Documented the harm of DDT

John Muir

founded the Seria Club in 1904

Hetch Hetchy Valley - turned reservoir - was very against it

William Cronon

Changed how we speak about the environment

11 reasons for the use of fire

Hunting, Agriculture, Prairies, Fire proof areas, Insect collection, Pest management, Warfare and signaling, Economic extortion, Clearing for travel, Felling trees, Clearing areas

Paul Martin

Geologists, palynologist (studied pollen)

Pioneered the study of pack rat middens (nest/trash heap)

First application of computers to archaeology