Ancient Egypt, First Half

This is the content for our Ancient Egypt unit before Winter Break

Egypt is located on which continent?

Africa

Which of the city is the location of the Great Pyramid?

Giza

What type of religion did the ancient Egyptians practice?

Polytheism

What conclusion can be drawn about Egypt's social hierarchy?

The pharaoh held supreme authority over all groups in Egyptian society.

The Egyptians were able to preserve the bodies of their dead, typically only for pharaohs, nobles and the wealthy, what was this process called?

embalming

When the river would flood, what was the name of the material that made Egyptian soil ideal for farming?

Silt

An ancient Egyptian hymn contains the line: "The bringer of food, rich in provisions, creator of all that's good, lord of majesty, sweet of fragrance." What does the hymn refer to?

Nile River

This was the name of the form of paper ancient Egyptians created out of a reed plant.

Papyrus

What was the name of the writing system that the ancient Egyptians developed based on picture symbols?

Hieroglyphics

*mummification

embalmment and drying a dead body and wrapping it as a mummy

natural barriers

deserts (Sahara, Eastern and Western), mountains, or bodies of water (Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, cataracts) that create barriers from invasion

*irrigation system

A way of supplying water to an area of land

*Nile River

The river the Ancient Egyptians settled around. It flows south to north into the Mediterranean Sea.

*Great Sphinx

Has the head of a man and the body of a lion. Built as a home for the sun-god, Ra, so he could protect the pharaohs buried in the tombs.

*pharaoh

Title given to the kings of Egypt meaning "great house." Believed to be a king and a god.

dynasty

A series of rulers from the same family.

Egyptian Social Classes

Shaped like a pyramid; Pharaoh at the top, then vizier, followed by nobles and priests, then scirbes and soldiers, then craftsmen, and farmers servants and slaves at the bottom

Menes

An Egyptian king who unified Upper and Lower Egypt

*papyrus

A reed plant that grew along the Nile and was used to make baskets, sandals, river rafts, and paper

*delta

A landform where a river splits off into a number of streams that fan out over an area of fertile soil before emptying into a larger body of water.

polytheism

Belief in many gods

Hatshepsut

She was a New Kingdom Pharaoh that took power when her husband died leaving her the guardian of his son, Thutmose III, a young child. She was the first female pharaoh. Hatshepsut claimed the throne for herself and the kingdom thrived under her rule because she focused on trade instead of war.

Lower Egypt

on a map of Ancient Egypt this would have been located in the north due to elevation

Upper Egypt

on a map of Ancient Egypt this would have been located in the south due to elevation

*pyramids

Mountain-like tombs the size of several city blocks made for Egyptian pharaohs entirely out of stone; designed to protect the pharaoh's body from floods, wild animals, and grave robbers

*hieroglyphics

An ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds

Gift of the Nile

Egypt was called this because it would not have existed without the Nile

*The Nile flooding

was a predictable (annual) event that the Egyptians used to plan their farming and calendars.

*hieroglyphics

An ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds

Upper Egypt

on a map of Ancient Egypt this would have been located in the south due to elevation

Hatshepsut

She was a New Kingdom Pharaoh that took power when her husband died leaving her the guardian of his son, Thutmose III, a young child. She was the first female pharaoh. Hatshepsut claimed the throne for herself and the kingdom thrived under her rule because she focused on trade instead of war.

Lower Egypt

on a map of Ancient Egypt this would have been located in the north due to elevation

polytheism

Belief in many gods

*delta

A landform where a river splits off into a number of streams that fan out over an area of fertile soil before emptying into a larger body of water.

Social hierarchy

the division of society by rank or class

Menes

An Egyptian king who unified Upper and Lower Egypt

*pharaoh

Title given to the kings of Egypt meaning "great house." Believed to be a king and a god.

dynasty

A series of rulers from the same family.

*Nile River

The river the Ancient Egyptians settled around. It flows south to north into the Mediterranean Sea.

*irrigation system

A way of supplying water to an area of land

natural barriers

deserts (Sahara, Eastern and Western), mountains, or bodies of water (Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, cataracts) that create barriers from invasion

A chart of ancient Egyptian society is shown. Which conclusion can be drawn from this chart?

The pharaoh held supreme authority over all groups in Egyptian society.

An ancient Egyptian hymn contains the line: "The bringer of food, rich in provisions, creator of all that's good, lord of majesty, sweet of fragrance." What does the hymn refer to?

Nile River

What was the name of the writing system that the ancient Egyptians developed based on picture symbols?

Hieroglyphics

When the river would flood, what was the name of the material that made Egyptian soil ideal for farming?

Silt

What type of religion did the ancient Egyptians practice?

Polytheism