The Nervous System

Eyes, Brain, Histo functions with pictures

Retina

Contains light receptors and processes image being captured

Cornea

Made of connective tissue; protects eye

Vitreous Humor

Begins to focus image; bends light

Optic Nerve

Sends images between the eyes and the brain

Sclera

Helps maintain eye's shape

Choroid

Provides retina with blood suply

Pupil

Allows light into and out of the eye

Lens

Bends and focuses light on retina

Iris

Muscle that opens and closes pupil to regulate light

Blind Spot

No rods or cones so no image can be focused

Ciliary Body

A part of the middle layer of the wall of the eye. Found behind the iris and includes the ring-shaped muscle that changes the shape of the lens when the eye focuses.

Anterior Chamber

Focuses the rays of light that penetrate the eye on the retina.

Posterior Chamber

Structure involved in production and circulation of aqueous humor

Vitreous Chmaber

Contains a thick, gel-like fluid called _______ humor or _____ gel. These two fluids press against the inside of the eyeball and help the eyeball keep its shape.

Optic Disk

The start of the optic nerve where messages from cone and rod cells leave the eye via nerve fibres to the optic centre of the brain.

Aqueous Humor

Carries nutrient from blood to eye and nourishes the lens and maintains pressure within the eye.

Nervous Cell structure and function

Responsive for sending electrochemical messages

Nervous Cells found in

Brain, spinal cord, nerves

Cell processes

Branches (Axon and Dendrites)

Glial cells

cells surrounding and supporting the neuron

Arbor vitae

It brings sensory and motor information to and from the cerebellum.

Cerebellum

helps coordinate and regulate a wide range of functions and processes in both your brain and body.

Cortex

involved in higher processes in the human brain, including memory, thinking, learning, reasoning, problem-solving, emotions, consciousness and functions related to your senses.

Corpus Callosum

ensures both sides of the brain can communicate and send signals to each other.

Frontal Lobe

voluntary movement, expressive language and for managing higher level executive functions.

Hypothalamus

keep your body in a stable state called homeostasis

Medulla Oblongata

helps control vital processes like your heartbeat, breathing and blood pressure.

Midbrain

vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation (auditory and visual information)

Occipital Lobe

responsible for visual perception, including colour, form and motion

Olfactory tract/nerve

enables your olfactory system and sense of smell

Optic Chiasm

allow for the crossing of fibers from the nasal retina to the optic tract on the other side

Parietal Lobe

vital for sensory perception and integration, including the management of taste, hearing, sight, touch, and smell.

Petuitary gland

regulates growth, metabolism, and reproduction through the hormones that it produces.

Pons

handles unconscious processes and jobs, such as your sleep-wake cycle and breathing

Pons

send motor commands from the brain to the body, send sensory information from the body to the brain, and coordinate reflexes.

Temporal Lobe

processing auditory information and with the encoding of memory

Thalamus

your body's information relay station

Cerebrum

initiates and coordinates movement and regulates temperature.

Brainstem

responsible for regulating most of the body's automatic functions that are essential for life.