wk 1 intro to x-ray and joint replacement surgery

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12 Terms

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reading an x-ray

  • check patients naem to make sure its the right x-ray

  • check the date of film was taken (if patient has multiple put them in date order)

  • put film on x-ray box right way around

  • look at markers on film for left and right

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ABC’s of reading an x-ray

  • alignment : relationship of bones to each other

  • bones: does it appear normal, any deviations, does it look dense

  • cartiliage: discs in spine

  • soft tissue: may be able to see shadow of muscles, fat in joint

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  • too little density - underexposure (appears white)

  • too much density - overexposure (appears too dark)

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arthroplasty

surgical joint replacement

primary purpose to improve quality of life

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who is a good candidate

severe pain and stiffness affecting adls

failed conservative management

impacted mobility and function

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when surgery is not the right option

  • mild symptoms

  • psychological distress

  • high BMI (>40)

  • young age (<60 years)

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surgical options for hip

total hip replacement - a procedure to replace the hip joint with a prosthesis. for OA, slightly higher in female

hemiarthroplasty - replacement of femoral head only - associated with #NOF

hip resurfacing - replacement of articular surface - osteonecrosis and OA - younger population 53yrs

revision THR - removal and replacement of hip prosthesis

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three main approaches to hip surgery

  • posterolateral approach - common, muscle cutting, more precautions

  • anterior approach - muscle sparing, fewer restrictions

  • direct lateral approach - may affect abductors, caution with GT repair

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surgical options for knee

total knee replacment - a procedure to replace the knee joint with a prosthesis, often for arthritisv- OA - 68yrs - females higher

unicompartmental knee repacment - OA - males more

revision TKR

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knee surgical approaches

most common is medial parapatellar approach because avoids quad muscles

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shoulder surgical approach

deltopectoral approach - common -

superior - common for reverse total shoulder

anterior approach

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post op restrictions

for lower limb usually WBAT unless complications then go to PWB

for revision surgeries usually go on the side of caution and PWB

shoulder - COTWB or NWB, cup of tea wb