Nerve Roots and Injuries

axillary nerve roots

C5 - 6

axillary nerve causes of injury

• dislocation of shoulder

• fracture of surgical neck of humerus

radial nerve roots

C5 - 8, T1

radial nerve can be injured in

axilla, musculospiral groove, around raidl necl

radial nerve injury can lead to

wrist drop

ulnar nerve roots

C7 - T1

cubital tunnel syndrome

ulnar nerve affected, compression at cubital tunnel at elbow

• paralysis of muscles, sensations affected

• inability to grip paper

guyon’s canal syndrome

ulnar nerve affected

• sensory changes and progressive weakness of muscles innervated distal to site

ulnar claw hand

occurs with ulnar nerve lesion

• hyperextxension at 4th, 5th MCP, flexion at 4th, 5th IP due to weakness of lumbricals and interossei

median nerve roots

C5 - 8, T1

pronator teres syndrome

median nerve injury, hypertrophy of pronator teres muscle can compress median nerve

• pronator teres remains normal, but the other muscles supplied by the median nerve and sensory distribution is affected

CTS

median nerve compressed under flexor retinaculum at the wrist

ape hand deformity

wasting of thenar eminence of the hand occurs because of median nerve palsy

musculocutaneous nerve roots

C5 - 7

suprascapular nerve roots

C5 - 6

latereal pectoral nerve roots

C5 - 7

medial pectoral nerve roots

C8, T1

long thoracic nerve roots

C5 - 7

thoracodorsal nerve roots

C6 - 8

dorsal scapular nerve root

C5

nerve to subclavius nerve roots

C5 - 6

superior gluteal nerve roots

L4 - S1

inferior gluteal nerve roots

L5 - S2

nerve to piriformis nerve roots

L5 - S2

obturator nerve roots

L2 - 4

nerve to quadratus femoris nerve roots

L4 - S1

nerve to obturator internus nerve roots

L5 - S2

sciatic nerve roots

L4 - S3

sciatica

herniated disc or bone spur that compresses the sciatic nerve and causes radiating pain

piriformis syndrome

piriformis spasm or tightness that compresses the sciatic nerve

femoral nerve roots

L2 - 4

tibial nerve roots

L4 - S3

common peroneal nerve roots

L4 - S2

deep peroneal nerve roots

L4 - S1

superficial peroneal nerve roots

L4 - S2