PSYCH 127A: Midterm Review Prevalence, Onset, Risk Factors, Medications, Psychotherapies

more prevalent in women

anxiety disorders, eating disorders, depression (2-3x)

more prevalent in men

substance use disorders, autism spectrum disorder

anxiety disorder prevalence

specific phobia has highest prevalence

prevalence MDD, PDD, bipolar

significantly lower for those over the age of 60

bipolar age of onset

18-22

depressive age of onset

32

eating disorder age of onset

adolescence - early adulthood

substance use disorder age of onset

20

benzodiazepenes

bind to GABA receptor

azapirones

serotonin receptor agonist

SSRIs

prevent serotonin reuptake

tricyclic

prevent norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake

MAOIs

inhibit monoamine metabolism

depression medications

SSRIs, trycyclics, MAOIs

bipolar medications

lithium, anticonvulsants

panic disorder medications

SSRIs

OCD medications

SSRIs

social anxiety medications

benzodiazepines, SSRIs

GAD medications

azapirones, benzodiazepines (somatic symptoms)

bulimia nervosa medications

SSRIs

alcohol use disorder medications

disulfram, naltrexone, acamprosate

prevent opioid overdose

naloxone/narcan

cognitive therapy

cognitive distortions, rumination

behavioral therapy

behavioral activation

interpersonal therapy

social factors, stress generation

interpersonal and social rhythm therapy

for bipolar disorder, keeping life regulated

exposure and response prevention

for OCD, expose to something anxiety inducing and prevent compulsion

interoceptive exposure

panic disorder, stimulate physical symptoms of a panic attack

therapy for depression

cognitive, behavioral, interpersonal

bipolar therapies

interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, cognitive therapy

suicidality therapies

safety planning, involuntary hospitalization, crisis centers, hotlines

OCD therapies

exposure and response prevention

social anxiety, specific phobia therapies

exposure therapy (in vivo, imaginal)

anorexia therapies

family therapy for children, specialist supportive clinical management

bulimia therapies

CBT, interpersonal therapy

substance use disorder therapies

detoxification (manage withdrawal, prevent relapse), 12 step groups for abstinence, CBT w/ functional analysis, motivational interviewing (decisional balance goal-setting)

depression risk factors

cognitive distortions, rumination, genetic, social factors, HPA dysregulation, loss/stressful events

bipolar risk factors

heritability, neurochemical imbalance, schedule disruption, social factors

anxiety disorder risk factors

insecure parental attachment, genetics, cognitive

eating disorder risk factors

high SES in white families, social media use, wealthier/industrialized nations, thin ideal, athletics

substance use disorder risk factors

financial means, geography, age, operant conditioning, expectations about drug effects, environment