AP Euro English Civil War

19 Propositions

19 Propositions

Document published by parliament constituting a list of proposals for a power sharing relationship between parliament and the king

Royalists

A supporter adherent of a king or royal goevernment, especially in times of rebellion or civil war

Common Wealth

a self-goverend political unit

Charles I

King of England and Scotland and Ireland during the Restoration (1630-1685)

Restoration

the re-establishment of the British monarchy in 1660

Clarendon Code

series of laws by Parliament that excluded Roman Catholics and Presbyterians from religious and political life

William Laud

Archbishop of Canterbury under Charles I in England. He tried to force the Scottish to use the English Book of Common Prayer. He was later executed by Parliament during the English Civil War.

Archbishop of Canterbury

head of Catholic Church in England

Billeting of troops

The quartering of military troops at public expense.

Habeas Corpus

a writ ordering a prisoner to be brought before a judge

Martial Law

the body of law imposed by the military over civilian affairs (usually in time of war or civil crisis)

Petition of Right

Document prepared by Parliament and signed by King Charles I of England in 1628; challenged the idea of the divine right of kings and declared that even the monarch was subject to the laws of the land

Puritans

Protestant sect in England hoping to "purify" the Anglican church of Roman Catholic traces in practice and organization.

Book of Common Prayer

the Anglican service book of the Church of England

Long Parliament

This Parliament met for 13 years from 1640-1653 and chose not to implement the taxes that Charles I wanted to defend England against the Scots. This was mostly because they agreed with the Scot's negative opinion of Laud's religious changes and disagreed with the king on many issues.

triennial act

An Act of Parliament reluctantly agreed to by Charles I (who said it reduced his sovereign powers) which stated that there had to be a parliament of at least 50 days duration every three years.

Grand Remonstrance

List of Grievances that led to Charles I fleeing and making an army to combat Oliver Cromwell.

English Civil War

civil war in England between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists under Charles I

James I

the first Stuart to be king of England and Ireland from 1603 to 1925 and king of Scotland from 1567 to 1625

"divine right" of kings

the belief that the authority of kings comes directly from God

Cavaliers

supporters of the King in the English Civil War

Roundheads

A group consisting of puritans, country land owners, and town based manufacturers, led by Oliver Cromwell; fought against the Cavaliers during the English civil war

New Model Army

The disciplined fighting force of Protestants led by Oliver Cromwell in the English civil war.

Pride's Purge

Cromwell felt kings hould be executed to prevent counterrevolution. Parliament hesitated and Cromwaell broke apart Parliament. Used Colonel Pride to remove dissenters.

"Rump Parliament"

The Cromwell-controlled Parliament that proclaimed England a republic and abolished the House of Lords and the monarchy.

Levellers

radical religious revolutionaries-sought social and political reforms, a more egalitarian (equal) society.

Diggers

More of a fringe group, these occupied and cultivated commonlands, or lands privately owned in a general repudiation of property. Wanted communal ownership of property.

Quakers

English dissenters who broke from Church of England, preache a doctrine of pacificism, inner divinity, and social equity

Interregnum

the time between two reigns, governments, etc.

The Protectorate

This was the name of the military dictatorship that England took on during the reign of Oliver Cromwell