Lesson 1 - Isotopes, Radioactive Decay, and Nuclear Equations

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8 Terms

1
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Isotope

element that has the same atomic number, but a different atomic mass due to differing numbers of neutrons.

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Standard notation

is a way to represent isotopes using the element's symbol, atomic number, and mass number

<p>is a way to represent isotopes using the element's symbol, atomic number, and mass number</p>
3
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What is the mass number of carbon - 14

14

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What are the 3 types of radiation?

Alpha (αα - energized particle), beta (ββ - energized particle), gamma (γ - energy)

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Describe alpha radiation

positively charged, largest of the 3, made of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, piece of paper can stop them

<p>positively charged, largest of the 3, made of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, piece of paper can stop them</p>
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Describe beta radiation

size of electron, moves faster than an alpha particle, neutron changes into a proton and an electron (electron has a charge of -1 so it “gains” another proton, changing into the next element on the periodic table) can penetrate paper, stopped by aluminium

<p>size of electron, moves faster than an alpha particle, neutron changes into a proton and an electron (electron has a charge of -1 so it “gains” another proton, changing into the next element on the periodic table) can penetrate paper, stopped by aluminium </p>
7
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Describe gamma radiation

not particle, high frequency, high energy, short wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum, can penetrate most materials, requires lead or thick concrete to stop, does not change the mass/atomic number of the atom

<p>not particle, high frequency, high energy, short wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum, can penetrate most materials, requires lead or thick concrete to stop, does not change the mass/atomic number of the atom</p>
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