Periodic Table/Electron Configuration vocabulary Diagram | Quizlet

TERM

Alkali Metals

DEFINITION

Group of elements that have the most reactive metals

TERM

Noble Gases

DEFINITION

Elements in which the highest occupied s and p sublevels are filled

TERM

Transition metals

DEFINITION

filling the d sublevel

TERM

inner transition metals

DEFINITION

filling the f sublevel

Cation

positively charged ion (lost electrons)

Anion

negatively charged ion (gained electrons)

Electronegativity

The tendency for the atoms of an element to attract electrons when the atoms are in a compound

ionization energy

the energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its gaseous state

quantum mechanical model

the modern mathematical description of the location and energy electrons in atoms

quanta

The "set" amount of energy required to move an electron from its present energy level to the next higher one

Photon

Packets/bundles of electromagnetic energy

Hertz

SI Unit of measurement for frequency

Hund's Rule

orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin (maximize spin then pair)

Pauli Exclusion Principle

An atomic orbital may describe at most two electrons, each with opposite spin direction

Aufbau Principle

the rule that electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first

electron configuration

the arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom, detailed list of how electrons fill levels/sublevels/and orbitals about the nucleus

Electron

A subatomic particle that has a negative charge, partly a wave/partly a particle

photoelectric effect

The emission of electrons from a material when light of certain frequencies shines on the surface of the material

purple has higher frequency, red lower so purple ejects electrons, red rarely does