G10 2Q Science: KMT (Kinetic Moleculary Theory) & only Boyle's and Charle's Law

KMT (Kinetic Moleculary Theory) of gases

-formulated using simple model of an ideal gas.
-serves as the basis to explain the behavior of real gas.

Postulate 1: gases are composed of very small particles.
Postulate 2: gases are mostly empty space
Postulate 3: pressure is exerted
Postulate 4: gas particle collisions are perfectly elastic
Postulate 5: average kinetic energy is proportional to the temperature

5 Postulates of Gases

Ideal Gas

-no definite shape or fixed volume, takes shape of the container
-no intermolecular forces (attraction or repulsion)
-particles undergo elastic collison
-not seen in reality
-molecules move randomly with high pressure

Real gas

-occupies a definite volume
-doesn't occupy the shape of the container
-is an intermolecular force (either attraction or repulsion)
-particles undergo non-ellastic collison
-seen in reality
-molecules move randomly with less pressure

-Volume (V)
-Pressure (P)
-Temperature (T)
-Amount (n)

Properities that Describe a Gas

Pressure (P)

-the force exerted by a gas against the walls of the container
-is described as a force acting on a specific area
(atm, mmHg, torr)

Volume (V)

it is the three-dimensional space occupied by a gas (L, mL)

Temperature (T)

-measure of the warmth or coldness of a body
-measure of the kinetic energy of the particles in an object (C, K & F)

Amount (n)

the quantity of gas present in a container (measured in moles)

Boyle's Law

a law that investigates the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas using a J-shaped tube apparatus

inversely proportional to its pressure (when volume increases,
pressure decreases.
when volume decreases,
pressure increases)

The volume of a given mass of gas at constant temperature is...

Charle's Law

this law states that the volume is directly proportional to the temperature at a constant pressure

-Breathing process
-Syringes
-Scuba diving

Application of Boyle's laws

-Hot air balloons
-Tire pressure fluctuations
-Rising of yeast doughs

Application of Charle's law

gay lusaac’s law

-states that pressure of a fixed amount of a gas is directly

proportional to the temperature (Kelvin) when the gas volume is

constant

-aerosol cans

-pressure cooker

application of gay lusaac’s law