(D2) Non-infectious Disorders of the Skin of Large Animals

define Photosensitivity

characterized by the sensitization of the superficial layers of lightly pigmented skin to the ultraviolet radiation of sunlight.

what causes Photosensitivity

1. Ingestion of certain plants that contain photodynamic agents

2. Contacting photodynamic plants with the lower legs or face.

3. Liver failure

how does liver failure cause photosensitivity

reduced liver functions may cause the accumulation of photodynamic products which results in photoreactive dermatitis.

clinical signs of photosensitivity (6)

1. Redness

2. swelling

3. intense irritation.

4. drying of the skin

5. cracking of this skin

6. sloughing of the skin.

define sloughing of the skin.

the shedding, peeling, or detachment of dead or damaged outer skin layers

how to diagnose photosensitivity

History of ingestion of certain plants.

how to treat photosensitivity (5)

1. Remove causative feed.

2. Limit exposure to sunlight.

3. Apply topical soothing creams.

4. Treat liver disease.

5. Cull and discontinue breeding that line.

Poisonous plants for horses (12)

1. Bracken Fern

2. Hemlock

3. Tansy Ragwort

4. Johnsongrass

5. Sudan grass

6. Lockweed

7. Oleander

8. Red Maple trees

9. Water Hemlock

10. Yellow Star Thistle

11. Russian Knapwood

12. Yew

Pastern Dermatitis common name (2)

1. Scratches

2. Greasy Heel

what causes pastern dermatitis (4)

1. fungal infection

2. secondary bacterial infection

3. dry conditions

4. coarse pasture.

clinical signs of pastern dermatitis (6)

1. Thickening of the skin

2. crusty scabs that can crack open

3. Secretion of yellow, serous fluid

4. Lameness

5. Pus

6. secondary bacterial infection

how to diagnose pastern dermatitis (2)

1. History

2. Skin scraping

how to treat pastern dermatitis (6)

1. Remove from the wet environment.

2. Clip long feathers to get the area dried out.

3. Scrub area gently with chlorhexidine scrub.

4. soften thick scabs

5. meds

6. Mud Fever Turnout boots

how to prevent pastern dermatitis (2)

1. Avoid wet, unsanitary conditions.

2. Deworm appropriately.

define Sarcoids

Common invasive, cutaneous tumors

clinical signs of sarcoids (6)

1. lesions

2. Vary in size.

3. smooth

4. cauliflower-like.

5. dry

6. appear like “proud flesh”

define proud flesh

an overgrowth of pink, bumpy healing tissue (granulation tissue) that rises above the edges of a skin wound

how to diagnose sarcoids

history

how to treat sarcoids (6)

1. nothing

2. Topical chemotherapeutic applications.

3. surgical excision

4. cryotherapy

5. chemotherapeutic agents.

6. Immunotherapy

define melanoma

Benign or malignant tumor arising from pigment containing cells called melanocytes

what breeds are commonly affect by melanomas (3)

1. Percherons

2. Arabians

3. Andalusians.

melanomas are Found almost exclusively in — horses.

grey

what causes melanomas

Possibly related to sun exposure.

clinical signs of melanomas (5)

1. Round lesions

2. raised lesions

3. black lesions.

4. alopecic

5. ulcerated.

how to diagnose melanomas (2)

1. biopsy

2. histopathology

how to treat melanomas (5)

1. nothing

2. Surgical excision

3. cryotherapy

4. chemotherapeutic agents

5. Cimetidine