SPTA 190 Exam 1 Study Guide

Why do we study sport?

microcosm of society

Define Organization

coordinated activity systems that are linked with external environment

Define economies of scale

originate from mass production of goods and services

Define economies of scope

maximization of resources

Name the two sides to organizational chart

1.) Business

2.) Operational

Name the 3 types of sport organization and give and example of each

Public Organization: national organizations

Nonprofit Organization: Volunteer work

Commercial Organization: organization that want to make profit

Define the two different types of planning

Strategic Planning: long-term objectives

Operational Planning: short-term objectives

Define organizational environment

everything that exists outside the boundary and has the potential to impact all or part of the organization

Name the two different types of organizational environments and give key terms

1.) General environment

- the economy

-technology

-politics

-social, cultural, demographic forces

2.) Specific Environment

-who are the consumers?

-who are the suppliers?

-who are the competitors?

-what role does the government play?

define the two different types of approaches

1.) Traditional approaches

-approach

-research-based

2.) Contemporary approaches

-competing-value approach

-stakeholder approach

what is the purpose of organizational strategy?

move organization forward or gain advantages over rivals

Name the 4 steps to developing a plan

1.) identify the mission of the organization

2.) Determine strategic objectives (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats)

3.) Identify required resources

4.) Establish a timeline and identify milestones

List the dimensions of organizational strategy

1.) Centralized - top-down approach

2.) Decentralized - decision making

3.) Vertical information sharing - job descriptions

4.) Horizontal information sharing and collab. - functional teams working together

define organizational change

process of leaders adopting new ideas to enhance operations

name the four stages of growth in the organizational life cycle growth

1.) entrepreneurial - leadership

2.)Collectivity - need for delegation

3.) formalization - rules and regulations

4.) elaboration - need for revitalization

define contextualist approach and its 3 elements

change considered over a period of time using 3 elements

1.) content

2.) context

3.) process

list and define the theoretical approaches

1.) scientific management approach - performance based

2.) human relations approach - tending to employees and their needs/ making them feel understood

3.) administrative management approach - manages organization as an entity

list the 5 management functions

1.) planning - defining goals

2.) organizing - putting plans into action

3.) staffing - recruit, screening applicants

4.) directing/leading - delegating tasks

5.) controlling/evaluating - measuring results/progress

decision making is the most common element

list and define the 3 classification of managers

1.) top-level managers: executive/senior level

2.) middle level managers: selected from above

3.) supervising managers: communicate/inspire team

list and define the managerial skills

1.) conceptual outlook - help identify root cause of problem

2.) human relations - help in leading/motivating

3.) technical skills - associated with everyday tasks

know the difference between leader and a manager

leader: is a trait

manager: is a position given

list and define the 3 leadership styles

1.) autocratic: tell people what to do

2.) democratic: encouragement; how to collectively solve

3.) laissez-faire: don't need to go into work

describe the contingency theory of leadership

-leaders: responsible for introducing and managing change

-followers: must have alignment between expectations and values

context: will guide the leaderships that is most appropriate

describe the contemporary approach to leadership

-transactional: works with people

-non-transactional: laissez-faire, avoids work

-transformational: uses inspiration, will do the right thing

describe the multilevel approach to leadership

individual level

individual loved experiences

multilevel outcome

`list the steps in decision making

1.) defining and framing the problem

2.) identifying criteria for decision making

3.) developing and evaluating alternatives

4.) selecting and alternative

5.) implementing the alternative

6.) evaluating the effectiveness of the decision

define power and describe the sources of power

power - ability to influence others

-organizational power: coercive power, reward power, positional power

-personal power: referent power, expert power, information

explain motivation process

strive to motivate employees to go above and beyond the minimum requirements

list the 2 perspectives and define them

functionalist perspective - socializing agent, unifier

conflict perspective - sexism, racism, homophobic/heterosexism, classism

why do we study sport?

dominant influence in American society

who was the first to institute sports?

Greece held the first Olympic Games in 776 BCE in Olympia

England is where the modern sport and sport management originated

define sport and sport management

sport - to have fun, work, employment, business

sport management - multidisciplinary study of everyone and everything involved in facilitating and promoting a sport

list and describe the 3 sport structures

1.) club structure - composed of a limited number of members who organize events

2.) league structures - profit-oriented league/business entity organized so teams can compete against each other

3.) tournament structure - events structured by community groups, corporations, or charities

list the 3 segments of sport

1.) professional

2.) collegiate

3.) recreation/youth

describe the nature and scope of sports

sports can be competed at any level for money or just for fun

list and describe the different management theories

1.) scientific management theory - focused on how workers perform their job

2.) human relations movement - how will motivation change due to working conditions

3.) organizational behavior - combination of both scientific management and human relations movement

list the four basic functions of management (sport management competencies) and what increased importance is placed on now

1.) planning

2.) organizing

3.) leading

4.) evaluating

increased importance on

-communication skills

-technological aptitude

-ability to interact in a global and multicultural society

describe critical thinking and decision making skills

critical thinking:

- awareness of a set of interrelated critical questions

- ability to ask and answer critical questions

- desire to use those questions and accept their results as a guide to behavior

decision making roles:

- entrepreneur

- disturbance handler

- resource allocater

- negotiator

describe personal branding

networking and making sure you know people but ultimately making sure people know who you are

list the career decision steps

1.) self-assessment

2.) research and occupational exploration

3.) career-decision making

4.) career search

5.) re-evaluation

list the sport industry career websites

jobinsports

linkedin

NAIA

NBA

NCAA

College Recreation

College Sports Information Directors of America

Teamwork Online

work in sports