Hormones and menstrual cycle

Adrenaline

Fight or flight . Increase heart rate, blood glucose levels, blood flow to muscles. Deacrease blood flow to digestive system. Relaxes smooth muscles in airway. Pupils dilateand hair stand up

How is adrenaline released

Hypothalamus releases corticotropin releasing hormone to stimulate the pituitary gland to relaleade adrenalcorticotropic hormone which stimulates the adrenal gland to secrete adrenaline. Negative feedback then happens

Adrenaline action

Travels in blood to bind to complementary specific receptors on the cell membrane. Once it's bound an event is triggered inside the cell. It then leave the receptor and travel to the next target cell

Metabolic rate

The speed at which energy is transferred from stores and become available for use

How is thyroxine released.

Detected by hypothalamus to secrete thyrotropin releasing hormone to act on the pituitary gland to secrete thyroid stimulating hormone into the blood. It acts on the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine into blood.

Follicle stimulating hormone

Produces from the pituitary gland to mature an ovum in an ovarian follicle within ovaries. Stimulates oestragen

Oestrogen

Produced in the ovaries to thicken the uterine lining for the preparation of an embryo implantation if fertilisation occurs. Negative feedback on FSH and stimulates lh

Luteinising hormone

Produced in the pituitary gland to cause ovulation (release of an ovum). Stimulates progesterone

Progesterone

Produced in the corpus luteum to maintain the thick uterine lining. Inhibits lh and fsh

Menstruation

The breakdown of the uterine lining when the corpus luteum breaks down. Cause incread in FSH

Menopause

Low levels of oestrogen to stop the thickening of the uterine lining so there's a less likelihood to menstruate. No ovulation as lh is not stimulated

Clomifene

Inhibits the negative feedback of oestrogen on fsh so more ovum can mature. Stimulates more oestrogen to stimulate more lh production to increases chances of ovulation

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