earth sci

Earth science

Science is focusing on understanding Earth (geo, ocean, meteor, Astro)

Geology

Examines Earth form and composition ,physical and historical

Oceanography

Study of oceans e phenomena

Meteorology

Study of atmosphere weather and climate

Atmosphere

Gaseous portion of planet

Weather

State of atmosphere at give in time

Climate

Aggregate weather conditions in a place or region

Astronomy

Study of the universe

Examples of relationships with people and environment

Natural hazards, resources, human influence

Geologic time

Span of time since Earth formation

Big bang

13.7 billion years ago, space matter explodes particles form helium and hydrogen, galaxies form

Nebular theory

Sun and planets formed from same gas dust cloud called solar nebula

Solar system formation

Five million years ago, shockwave? Causes nebula to collapse and form rotating disk which becomes the Sun and planets

Sun’s formation is the end of

Contraction and heating which leads to cooler in a region and inner planets

Son's collapse effect on inner planets

Floating substances with high melting points solidify and form clumps, clumps collide to become planetesimals or asteroids

Sons formation affect on outer planets

Outer plants form with elements that freeze, water CO2 ammonia methane

Earth spheres

Water earth air life

Hydrosphere

Dynamic mass of water

Percentage of surface on earth that is water

71%

Percentage of water in oceans

97%

Biosphere

Totality of life

Geosphere

Solid earth

Earth layer important to understanding Earth history and nature

The crust

Lithosphere

A rigid outer layer, crust/uppermantle

Asthenosphere

Subdivision of mantle below lithosphere, weak flowing material easily deformed

Two areas of Earth's surface

Continents / ocean basins

System

Size group of interacting parts forming a complex hole

Earth system

Powered by son and interior heat

Ocean basin

Submarine region beyond Continental margins

Average ocean depth

3.8 km

Continents

Large continuous area of land including Islands

Ratio of ocean basin to Continental

60 40

Continental margin

Seafloor adjacent to continents

Continental shelf

Sloping submerged portion, shoreline to slope

Continental slope

Steve gradient leading to the deep floor

Continental rise

Sloping surface at base of slope

Deep ocean basin

C4 between Continental margin and oceanic ridge, 30% of Earth's surface

Abyssal plane

Leveled area at Deep floor

Deep ocean trenches

Elongated depressions produced by bending oceanic crust

Seamounts

Isolated volcanic peak at least a thousand meters above the deep floor

Ridge

Broad linear ridge on floor outlines plate boundaries

Mountain belt

Roughly parallel mountain rangers developed from plate tectonics

Cratons

Stable continental crust area, little to no tectonic action in phanerozoic eon